School Victimization and Substance Use among Adolescents in California
School Victimization and Substance Use among Adolescents in California
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DOI：
10.1007/s11121-013-0449-8
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Unger, Jennifer B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gilreath, Tamika D.;Astor, Ron A.;Unger, Jennifer B.
药物滥用和暴力在青少年中同时发生。然而，现有文献关注的是暴力肇事者的药物使用行为，而不是受害者。这项研究确定了学校受害和药物滥用的模式以及它们如何同时发生。加州健康儿童调查用于确定学校受害模式的潜在类别/集群以及最近（上个月）使用酒精、烟草和大麻的寿命和频率（N = 419,698）。人口统计特征（年龄、性别和种族/民族）被作为潜在阶级成员的预测因素。分析揭示了四种潜在的学校受害类别：低度受害（44.4%）、中度受害（22.3%）、言语/关系受害（20.8%）和高度受害（有身体威胁；12.5%）。物质使用也分为四类：非使用者（58.5%）、酒精实验者（最近使用过一些酒精；25.8%）、轻度多种物质使用者（一生使用过所有物质，最近使用过几天；9.1%）和经常使用多种物质（过去一个月多次使用过所有物质；6.5%）。高受害类别的人经常使用多种物质的可能性是其两倍，而轻度多种物质的使用对于言语受害类别的人来说最为显着。很少有研究同时探讨药物使用和暴力受害的潜在模式。研究结果表明，加州学校青少年的受害和药物使用存在显着异质性，这对有针对性和量身定制的干预措施具有影响。了解某些类型的受害如何与特定的药物使用模式相关，将为学校提供筛查青少年中并发行为健康问题的机会。
Substance use and violence co-occur among adolescents. However, the extant literature focuses on the substance use behaviors of perpetrators of violence and not on victims. This study identifies patterns of school victimization and substance use and how they co-occur. The California Healthy Kids Survey was used to identify latent classes/clusters of school victimization patterns and lifetime and frequency of recent (past month) alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use (N = 419,698). Demographic characteristics (age, gender, and race/ethnicity) were included as predictors of latent class membership. Analyses revealed four latent classes of school victimization: low victimization (44.4 %), moderate victimization (22.3 %), verbal/relational victimization (20.8 %), and high victimization (with physical threats; 12.5 %). There were also four classes of substance use: non-users (58.5 %), alcohol experimenters (some recent alcohol use; 25.8 %), mild poly-substance users (lifetime use of all substances with few days of recent use; 9.1 %), and frequent poly-substance users (used all substances several times in the past month; 6.5 %). Those in the high victimization class were twice as likely to be frequent poly-substance users, and mild poly-substance use was most salient for those in the verbal victimization class. Few studies have explored latent patterns of substance use and violence victimization concurrently. The findings indicate substantial heterogeneity in victimization and substance use among youth in California schools with implications for targeted and tailored interventions. Understanding how certain types of victimization are associated with particular patterns of substance use will provide schools with opportunities to screen for concurrent behavioral health problems among youth.