Towards Real-Time Building Damage Mapping with Low-Cost UAV Solutions
Towards Real-Time Building Damage Mapping with Low-Cost UAV Solutions
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DOI：
10.3390/rs11030287
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Kerle, Norman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nex, Francesco;Duarte, Diogo;Kerle, Norman
灾害发生后，及时有效地生成详细的灾情图对于加快第一响者的救援行动和帮助被困的受害者至关重要。在过去的十年里，已经发表了一些关于建筑物损伤自动检测的著作。廉价无人机平台的日益普及也推动了它们最近被用于救援行动（即搜索和救援）。然而，它们的部署仍然主要局限于熟练操作人员的视觉图像检查，限制了它们在时间有限的实际条件下的适用性。本文提出了一种利用商用无人机实现近实时建筑损伤自动测绘的新方案。该解决方案集成了不同的组件，允许在笔记本电脑上实时传输图像并对其进行动态处理。先进的摄影测量技术和深度学习算法相结合，提供了一个真正的正射影像，显示建筑物损坏的位置，在无人机返回基地时已经处理。这些算法经过定制，可以提供快速的结果，满足近乎实时的需求。完整的解决方案已在不同条件下进行了测试，并得到了参与欧盟资助的INACHUS项目的FR的积极反馈。本文介绍了两个实际的中试试验。取得的结果显示了所提出的方法的巨大潜力，所提出的解决方案与FR的期望有多接近，以及仍然需要做更多工作的地方。
The timely and efficient generation of detailed damage maps is of fundamental importance following disaster events to speed up first responders' (FR) rescue activities and help trapped victims. Several works dealing with the automated detection of building damages have been published in the last decade. The increasingly widespread availability of inexpensive UAV platforms has also driven their recent adoption for rescue operations (i.e., search and rescue). Their deployment, however, remains largely limited to visual image inspection by skilled operators, limiting their applicability in time-constrained real conditions. This paper proposes a new solution to autonomously map building damages with a commercial UAV in near real-time. The solution integrates different components that allow the live streaming of the images on a laptop and their processing on the fly. Advanced photogrammetric techniques and deep learning algorithms are combined to deliver a true-orthophoto showing the position of building damages, which are already processed by the time the UAV returns to base. These algorithms have been customized to deliver fast results, fulfilling the near real-time requirements. The complete solution has been tested in different conditions, and received positive feedback by the FR involved in the EU funded project INACHUS. Two realistic pilot tests are described in the paper. The achieved results show the great potential of the presented approach, how close the proposed solution is to FR' expectations, and where more work is still needed.