Psychological Needs and Values Underlying Left-Right Political Orientation: Cross-National Evidence from Eastern and Western Europe
Psychological Needs and Values Underlying Left-Right Political Orientation: Cross-National Evidence from Eastern and Western Europe
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左右政治取向背后的心理需求和价值观：来自东欧和西欧的跨国证据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Shrout
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Thórisdóttir;J. Jost;I. Liviatan;P. Shrout
根据以前主要在美国进行的研究，与管理不确定性和威胁有关的心理需求预测右翼保守主义，在操作上定义为抵制变革和接受不平等。在这项研究中，我们分析了欧洲社会调查（ESS）中19个国家的数据，以评估两组假设：（1）传统主义（抵制变革的一个方面）和接受不平等将与权利（2）（3）（4）（5）（6）（7）（8）（9）（10）（11）（10（秩序需求的一个方面），对安全的高度需求，以及对经验开放性的低需求将与右（相对于左）取向相关，调整与意识形态极端相关的二次效应。此外，我们确定在何种程度上的需求，价值观和政治取向之间的关系模式是相似的东欧和西欧的情况下。从回归和结构方程模型的结果表明，传统主义，并在较小程度上，遵循规则预测右翼保守主义在这两个地区，而接受不平等预测右翼取向在西方。尽管在这两个区域，对经验的开放与更大程度的平等的偏好有关，但它与西欧的左翼取向和东欧的右翼取向有关。相反，安全需求在西欧与右翼倾向有关，在东欧与左翼倾向有关。因此，我们在分析左右政治取向的认知和动机前因时，发现了普遍和特定语境影响的证据。
According to previous research conducted mainly in the United States, psychological needs pertaining to the management of uncertainty and threat predict right-wing conservatism, operationally defined in terms of resistance to change and acceptance of inequality. In this study, we analyze data from 19 countries included in the European Social Survey (ESS) to assess two sets of hypotheses: (1) that traditionalism (an aspect of resistance to change) and acceptance of inequality would be positively associated with right (versus left) orientation, and (2) that rule-following (an aspect of the need for order), high need for security, and low need for openness to experience would be associated with right (versus left) orientation, adjusting for quadratic effects associated with ideological extremity. In addition, we determine the extent to which the pattern of relations among needs, values, and political orientation was similar in Eastern and Western European contexts. Results from regression and structural equation models indicate that traditionalism and, to a lesser extent, rule-following predict right-wing conservatism in both regions, whereas acceptance of inequality predicts right-wing orientation in the West only. Although openness to experience was associated with preferences for greater equality in both regions, it was associated with left-wing orientation in Western Europe and right-wing orientation in Eastern Europe. Needs for security, conversely, were associated with right-wing orientation in Western Europe and left-wing orientation in Eastern Europe. Thus, we find evidence of both universal and context-specific effects in our analysis of the cognitive and motivational antecedents of left-right political orientation.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Kruglanski, AW;Webster, DM
通讯作者：
Webster, DM