Advances in thick GEM-like gaseous electron multipliers. Part II: Low-pressure operation
Advances in thick GEM-like gaseous electron multipliers. Part II: Low-pressure operation
复制标题
厚类 GEM 气态电子倍增器的进展。
DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2005.12.219
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
N. Ben
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Shalem;R. Chechik;A. Breskin;K. Michaeli;N. Ben
厚宝石状(THGEM)气体电子倍增器由标准印刷电路板制成，在边缘蚀刻有亚毫米直径的孔。在单级联双THGEM元件和级联双THGEM元件中，在具有单光电子的常压标准混合气体中，有效气体倍增因子达到105和107，并在几纳秒上升时间尺度上达到快脉冲。将THGEMS与沉积在THGEM表面上的半透明紫外光敏感CSI光电阴极或反射型光电阴极相结合的光子探测器获得了高的单电子探测效率；后者的好处是降低了对电离背景辐射的敏感性。光电子通量超过MHz/mm2时，系统运行稳定。讨论了这些简单而稳健的乘法器的性质和一些潜在的应用。
Thick GEM-like (THGEM) gaseous electron multipliers are made of standard printed-circuit board perforated with sub-millimeter diameter holes, etched at their rims. Effective gas multiplication factors of 105and 107and fast pulses in the few nanosecond rise-time scale were reached in single- and cascaded double-THGEM elements, in atmospheric-pressure standard gas mixtures with single photoelectrons. High single-electron detection efficiency is obtained in photon detectors combining THGEMs and semitransparent UV-sensitive CsI photocathodes or reflective ones deposited on the top THGEM face; the latter benefits of a reduced sensitivity to ionizing background radiation. Stable operation was recorded with photoelectron fluxes exceeding MHz/mm2. The properties and some potential applications of these simple and robust multipliers are discussed.