Development of high-throughput methods to screen disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-1 in oilseed rape.
Development of high-throughput methods to screen disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-1 in oilseed rape.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13007-017-0195-1
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Ray RV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drizou F;Graham NS;Bruce TJA;Ray RV
立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani，Kühn)是一种土传的坏死性真菌，在世界各地的许多栽培植物上都能引起立枯病、根腐病和茎溃烂。甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus，OSR)是水稻纹枯病菌(R.solani)2-1融合群(AG)2-1的主要寄主，可引起出苗前和出苗后倒伏，造成幼苗死亡和作物建成障碍。目前，还没有已知的抗性OSR基因类型，控制该病的主要方法是杀菌剂种子处理和栽培措施。确定作物育种的抗性来源对于该疾病的可持续管理至关重要。然而，需要一种高通量、可靠的抗性性状筛选方法。本研究的目的是建立一种低成本、快速的病害表型鉴定和抗性鉴定方法。开发和测试了四种生长系统：(1)营养基质平板，(2)堆肥托盘，(3)轻膨胀粘土集料(LECA)托盘，(4)水培袋和芯系统。苗期接种强毒AG2-1引起立枯病，生长期4~10天。使用ImageJ进行视力疾病评估或通过图像分析评估疾病。接种LECA是最适合由立枯丝核菌2-1引起的表型病害的方法，因为它能够在短时间内检测OSR基因型之间的疾病严重程度差异，同时允许在整个植株上进行测量。该系统有望促进抗病种质的鉴定。
Rhizoctonia solani (Kühn) is a soil-borne, necrotrophic fungus causing damping off, root rot and stem canker in many cultivated plants worldwide. Oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus) is the primary host for anastomosis group (AG) 2-1 of R. solani causing pre- and post-emergence damping-off resulting in death of seedlings and impaired crop establishment. Presently, there are no known resistant OSR genotypes and the main methods for disease control are fungicide seed treatments and cultural practices. The identification of sources of resistance for crop breeding is essential for sustainable management of the disease. However, a high-throughput, reliable screening method for resistance traits is required. The aim of this work was to develop a low cost, rapid screening method for disease phenotyping and identification of resistance traits. Four growth systems were developed and tested: (1) nutrient media plates, (2) compost trays, (3) light expanded clay aggregate (LECA) trays, and (4) a hydroponic pouch and wick system. Seedlings were inoculated with virulent AG 2-1 to cause damping-off disease and grown for a period of 4–10 days. Visual disease assessments were carried out or disease was estimated through image analysis using ImageJ. Inoculation of LECA was the most suitable method for phenotyping disease caused by R. solani AG 2-1 as it enabled the detection of differences in disease severity among OSR genotypes within a short time period whilst allowing measurements to be conducted on whole plants. This system is expected to facilitate identification of resistant germplasm.