RNAa in action: from the exception to the norm.
RNAa in action: from the exception to the norm.
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DOI：
10.4161/15476286.2014.972853
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Li LC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo D;Barry L;Lin SS;Huang V;Li LC
小RNA程序化Argonaute是复杂的细胞效应器平台，已知其参与多种功能，包括mRNA切割、翻译抑制、DNA消除、表观遗传沉默、可变剪接甚至基因激活。首先在人类细胞中观察到，小RNA诱导的基因激活，也称为RNAa，涉及Argonaute蛋白质靶向募集到特定启动子序列，然后诱导促进转录的稳定表观遗传变化。RNAa的存在仍然存在争议，由于其难以捉摸的机制。最近的一系列研究表明，C。elegans的研究为RNAa在塑造表观遗传景观和维持内源基因的活跃转录中的基本作用提供了明确的证据，并支持存在由相反但互补的“阴和阳”调节元件组成的功能复杂的小RNA-Argonaute途径网络。本文综述了近年来对C. elegans，重点是Argonaute蛋白CSR-1。
Small RNA programmed Argonautes are sophisticated cellular effector platforms known to be involved in a diverse array of functions ranging from mRNA cleavage, translational inhibition, DNA elimination, epigenetic silencing, alternative splicing and even gene activation. First observed in human cells, small RNA-induced gene activation, also known as RNAa, involves the targeted recruitment of Argonaute proteins to specific promoter sequences followed by induction of stable epigenetic changes which promote transcription. The existence of RNAa remains contentious due to its elusive mechanism. A string of recent studies in C. elegans provides unequivocal evidence for RNAa's fundamental role in sculpting the epigenetic landscape and maintaining active transcription of endogenous genes and supports the presence of a functionally sophisticated network of small RNA-Argonaute pathways consisting of opposite yet complementary “yin and yang” regulatory elements. In this review, we summarize key findings from recent studies of endogenous RNAa in C. elegans, with an emphasis on the Argonaute protein CSR-1.