Growth Of Tall Fescue In Compost/fertilizer Blends
Growth Of Tall Fescue In Compost/fertilizer Blends
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高羊茅在堆肥/肥料混合物中的生长
DOI：
10.1097/00010694-199901000-00009
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. K. Enkiri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Sikora;N. K. Enkiri
堆肥被认为是低分析肥料，因为它们的N和P含量为1%至2%，N矿化率接近10%。如果堆肥添加到农业土地上，达到粮食作物的氮需求量（40至100 kg ha-1），则施用量接近40至100 mt ha-1。低得多的比率可能是可取的，以避免积累的成分，如重金属中发现的一些堆肥。结合低修正率的堆肥与足够的肥料，以满足作物的需求是一个有吸引力的替代方案，（i）利用堆肥在较低的利率比那些需要提供所有的作物N的需求，（ii）减少无机肥料的量施加到土壤中，（iii）减少非营养堆肥成分在土壤中的积累。以高羊茅（FestucaarundinaceaL.）为试验材料，研究了生物固体堆肥（C）与尿素（U）、硝酸铵（N）混合肥料与单施肥料的肥效差异生长和氮吸收。将100 mg N kg-1施用量的0、16.7、33或50%作为堆肥N和100、83.3、67或50%作为肥料N的混合物添加到檫木土壤中（典型的Hapludults）。在生长室中在共混物上生长牛毛草109天。无论是NH 4 NO3还是尿素，无论有无堆肥，随着施肥水平的降低，羊茅产量均呈线性下降。氮的吸收是不同的肥料，而不是堆肥修正盆，这取决于肥料的添加率。基于累积109天数据的配对比较表明，NC 67（67% NH 4 NO3-N，33%堆肥N）和NC 83的产量与N100的产量相当。类似地，对于含有尿素的共混物，UC 67产率等于U100。NC 83的氮吸收量与N100相当，但NC 67的氮吸收量显著低于N100。UC 67的氮吸收量显著低于U83，U83的平均氮吸收量大于N100。这些数据表明，堆肥氮可以取代三分之一的肥料氮所需的牛毛草，而不会降低产量。由于矿物N加上矿化的有机N，包括堆肥N部分的混合物不等于相应的肥料单独，成分以外的N有助于从堆肥肥料混合物的产量。
Composts are considered low-analysis fertilizers because their N and P content is from 1 to 2% and the N mineralization rate is near 10%. If compost is added to agricultural land at the N requirement of grain crops (40 to 100 kg ha -1 ), application rates approach 40 to 100 mt ha -1 . Much lower rates may be advisable to avoid accumulation of constituents such as heavy metals found in some composts. Combining low-amendment rates of composts with sufficient fertilizer to meet crop requirements is an appealing alternative which (i) utilizes composts at lower rates than those needed to supply all of the crop N requirement, (ii) reduces the amount of inorganic fertilizer applied to soils, and (iii) reduces the accumulation of nonnutrient compost constituents in soils. A study was conducted to compare the effects of blends of biosolids compost (C) with urea (U) or NH 4 NO 3 (N) fertilizers with fertilizer alone on tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L.) growth and N uptake. Blends that provided 0, 16.7, 33, or 50% of the 100 mg N kg -1 application rate as compost N and 100, 83.3, 67, or 50% as fertilizer N were added to Sassafras soil (Typic Hapludults). Fescue was grown on the blends in a growth chamber for 109 days. Fescue yields decreased linearly with decreasing fertilizer level for both NH 4 NO 3 and urea and with or without compost. Nitrogen uptake by fescue was different for fertilizer- than for compost-amended pots, depending on the rate of fertilizer added. Paired comparisons based on cumulative 109-day data indicated yields from NC67 (67% NH 4 NO 3 -N, 33% compost N) and NC83 equaled the yield of N100. Similarly for blends containing urea, UC67 yield was equal to U100. Nitrogen uptake from NC83 was equal to N100, but N uptake from NC67 was significantly less than from N100. Nitrogen uptake by UC67 was significantly less than U83 which had a greater mean N uptake than N100. The data suggest that compost N can replace one-third of the fertilizer N required by fescue without decreasing yield. Because the mineral N plus the mineralization of organic N that comprises the compost N portion of the blends did not equal that of the corresponding fertilizer alone, constituents other than N contributed to yields from the compost fertilizer blends.