Demonstration of a small programmable quantum computer with atomic qubits
Demonstration of a small programmable quantum computer with atomic qubits
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DOI：
10.1038/nature18648
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发表时间：
2016-08-04
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Monroe, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Debnath, S.;Linke, N. M.;Monroe, C.
量子计算机可以比任何传统计算机更有效地解决某些问题。小型量子算法已经在多个量子计算平台上得到了验证，许多量子计算平台都是专门定制的硬件，以实现特定的算法或执行有限数量的计算路径（1-10）。在这里，我们展示了一个五量子比特的捕获离子量子计算机，可以在软件中编程，通过执行任何序列的通用量子逻辑门来实现任意量子算法。我们将算法编译成一组完全连接的门操作，这些门操作是硬件固有的，平均保真度为98%。重新配置这些门序列提供了在不改变硬件的情况下实现各种算法的灵活性。作为示例，我们实现了Deutsch-Jozsa（11）和Bernstein-Vazirani（12）算法，平均成功率分别为95%和90%。我们还对五个捕获离子量子比特进行了相干量子傅里叶变换（13，14），用于相位估计和周期发现，平均分辨率分别为62%和84%。这种小型量子计算机可以在单个寄存器内扩展到更大数量的量子位，并且可以通过离子穿梭（15）或光子量子通道（16）连接几个这样的模块来进一步扩展。
Quantum computers can solve certain problems more efficiently than any possible conventional computer. Small quantum algorithms have been demonstrated on multiple quantum computing platforms, many specifically tailored in hardware to implement a particular algorithm or execute a limited number of computational paths(1-10). Here we demonstrate a five-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer that can be programmed in software to implement arbitrary quantum algorithms by executing any sequence of universal quantum logic gates. We compile algorithms into a fully connected set of gate operations that are native to the hardware and have a mean fidelity of 98 per cent. Reconfiguring these gate sequences provides the flexibility to implement a variety of algorithms without altering the hardware. As examples, we implement the Deutsch-Jozsa(11) and Bernstein-Vazirani(12) algorithms with average success rates of 95 and 90 per cent, respectively. We also perform a coherent quantum Fourier transform(13,14) on five trapped-ion qubits for phase estimation and period finding with average fidelities of 62 and 84 per cent, respectively. This small quantum computer can be scaled to larger numbers of qubits within a single register, and can be further expanded by connecting several such modules through ion shuttling(15) or photonic quantum channels(16).