LRRK2 mouse models: dissecting the behavior, striatal neurochemistry and neurophysiology of PD pathogenesis.

LRRK2 mouse models: dissecting the behavior, striatal neurochemistry and neurophysiology of PD pathogenesis.
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LRRK2 小鼠模型:剖析 PD 发病机制的行为、纹状体神经化学和神经生理学。

DOI:
10.1042/bst20160238
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Melrose,Heather
Melrose,Heather
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Volta,Mattia;Melrose,Heather

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富含亮氨酸重复序列激酶2(LRRK2)的突变是家族性帕金森病(PD)最常见的遗传原因,类似于散发性疾病。集中的努力已经指向LRRK2小鼠建模和研究,旨在再现人类疾病,以告知发病机制的机制研究和神经保护疗法的设计。LRRK2的生理功能仍在探索中,但在纹状体神经生理学和动物行为中的明确作用已经出现。LRRK 2的改变除了损害皮质纹状体突触可塑性外,还损害多巴胺(DA)的传递、调节和信号传导。一致的是,运动和非运动能力的几个微妙的异常已被证明在LRRK2遗传小鼠模型,一般平行的早期DA功能障碍的临床前症状。然而,模型设计和观察到的表型的变异性需要一个关键的方法来解释结果,调整模型用于特定的研究问题。病因学上合适的基因敲入小鼠可能是研究早期疾病机制和治疗以及研究药物有效性和脱靶后果的最终动物模型。
Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common genetic cause of familial Parkinson's disease (PD), resembling the sporadic disorder. Intensive effort has been directed toward LRRK2 mouse modeling and investigation, aimed at reproducing the human disease to inform mechanistic studies of pathogenesis and design of neuroprotective therapies. The physiological function of LRRK2 is still under exploration, but a clear role in striatal neurophysiology and animal behavior has emerged. Alterations in LRRK2 impair dopamine (DA) transmission, regulation and signaling, in addition to corticostriatal synaptic plasticity. Consistently, several subtle abnormalities in motor and nonmotor abilities have been demonstrated in LRRK2 genetic mouse models, generally paralleling preclinical symptoms of early DA dysfunction. However, the variability in model design and phenotypes observed requires a critical approach in interpreting the results, adapting the model used to the specific research question. Etiologically appropriate knockin mice might represent the ultimate animal model in which to study early disease mechanisms and therapies as well as to investigate drug effectiveness and off-target consequences.
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慢性和急性 LRRK2 沉默不会产生长期行为影响,而野生型和突变型 LRRK2 过度表达会导致运动和认知缺陷,并改变多巴胺释放的调节。
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