Effects of cigarette smoking and family history of alcoholism on sweet taste perception and food cravings in women
Effects of cigarette smoking and family history of alcoholism on sweet taste perception and food cravings in women
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00519.x
复制
发表时间：
2007-11-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Mennella, Julie A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pepino, Marta Yanina;Mennella, Julie A.
背景资料：尽管人们普遍认为吸烟会影响对甜味食物和饮料的敏感性和喜好，但很少有心理物理学研究这种现象，也没有考虑到个人的酗酒家族史（FH+），这是对甜味偏好的预测。一种内在的-和内在的-进行主题研究以确定吸烟和急性暴露于尼古丁对女性甜味敏感性和偏好的影响。两组研究间隔2天，间隔1周：目前吸烟的女性（n = 27，18为FH+）和一生中从未吸烟的女性（n = 22，9为FH+）。当前吸烟者在1次测试期间吸烟含尼古丁的香烟，在另一次测试期间吸烟不含尼古丁的香烟。对于从不吸烟的组，在两个测试期间的程序是相同的，除了他们不吸烟。两个替代楼梯的方法和强迫选择跟踪程序被用来评估蔗糖阈值和偏好，分别在这两个测试会话。标准化的问卷调查，以评估食物的渴望，以及吸烟和酒精的使用和依赖。遗传学研究的家庭访谈被用来检测酒精中毒根据DSM III标准的家庭成员到第二度relations.Results：急性暴露于尼古丁并不影响蔗糖检测阈值或偏好，但吸烟者有显着较高的蔗糖检测阈值比从不吸烟者。烟包年吸烟剂量越大，蔗糖敏感性越低。无论吸烟状况，妇女谁是FH+喜欢显着更高的蔗糖浓度和渴望糖果更经常比妇女谁是noth.Conclusions：吸烟和有家族病史的酗酒对甜味有不同的影响。吸烟与甜味敏感性降低有关，而有酗酒家族史与甜味偏好增加有关。这些研究结果表明，未来关于吸烟对饮食习惯和渴望的影响的研究应该考虑到酗酒的家族史，因为酗酒与甜食的喜好有关，并且增加了患烟草疾病的可能性。
Background: Despite popular beliefs that smoking affects the sensitivity and liking of sweet-tasting foods and beverages, few psychophysical studies have examined this phenomenon and none have taken into account the individual's family history of alcoholism (FH+), a predictor of heightened sweet preferences.Methods: A within- and between-subjects study was conducted to determine the effect of both cigarette smoking and an acute exposure to nicotine on sweet taste sensitivity and preferences in women. Two groups were studied on 2 days separated by 1 week: women who were current smokers (n = 27, 18 were FH+) and those who never smoked in their lifetime (n = 22, 9 were FH+). Current smokers smoked nicotine-containing cigarettes during 1 test session and nicotine-free cigarettes during the other. The procedures were identical during both test sessions for the group of never smokers, with the exception that they did not smoke. Two-alternative staircase methods and forced-choice tracking procedures were used to assess sucrose thresholds and preferences, respectively, during both test session. Standardized questionnaires were administered to assess food cravings as well as smoking and alcohol usage and dependence. The Family Interview for Genetic Studies was used to detect alcoholism according to the DSM III criteria for family members up to second-degree relatives.Results: Acute exposure to nicotine did not affect sucrose detection thresholds or preferences, but smokers had significantly higher sucrose detection thresholds than never smokers. The greater the smoking dose in pack-years, the lower the sucrose sensitivity. Regardless of smoking status, women who were FH+ preferred significantly higher sucrose concentrations and craved sweets more often than women who were not.Conclusions: Both smoking and having a family history of alcoholism had differential effects on sweet taste. Smoking was associated with decreased sweet taste sensitivity whereas having a family history of alcoholism was associated with heightened sweet preferences. These findings suggests that future research on the effects of smoking on food habits and cravings should take into account family history of alcoholism given its association with sweet liking and the increased likelihood to develop a tobacco disorder.