Geometric morphometrics and geological shape-classification systems
Geometric morphometrics and geological shape-classification systems
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DOI：
10.1016/s0012-8252(02)00068-5
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
12.1
通讯作者：
MacLeod, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacLeod, N
地质调查的许多领域涉及形状的描述和/或比较。虽然各种形态测量工具早已可用于促进这些类型的比较，但到目前为止，这种形式分类的最常见方法是通过创建形态样本、模式标本等的半定量尺度，以与未知结构、物体或标本进行比较。这样的形式尺度是普遍存在的，无论是在基于文本的描述或插图集，在整个地质文献。然而，学生，甚至有经验的地质学家，往往难以使用这样的规模和实现一致的结果。从沉积学，古生物学和地貌学领域使用几何形态测量学的分析工具得出的三个这样的尺度的调查表明，这种困难的一个原因是，从真实的对象集绘制的样本（1）往往表现出形状差异以外的名义上的考虑或（2）被用来表示对象类的边界没有得到充分的证明。或描述。在此，战略的发展，采用协调和建模能力的特征形状分析，以纠正这些不足之处，并制定一套新的，更有代表性的，更容易使用的形状分类系统。通过采用这些方法，在必要时增加正式的统计分析，地质学家可以提高他们的形态推断的复杂性，准确性和可重复性。在这样做的过程中，他们还将提高假设检验的可靠性。(C)2002伦敦自然历史博物馆。由Elsevier Science B. V.出版，版权所有。
Many areas of geological inquiry involve the description and/or comparison of shapes. While various morphometric tools have long been available to facilitate these types of comparisons, by far the most common approach to such form-classification has been via the creation of a semiquantitative scale of morphological exemplars, type specimens, etc. to which unknown structures, objects, or specimens can be compared. Such form-scales are ubiquitous-either in terms of text-based descriptions or illustration sets-throughout the geological literature. However, students, and even experienced geologists, often have difficulty using such scales and achieving consistent results. Investigations of three such scales drawn from the fields of sedimentology, paleontology, and geomorphology using the analytical tools of geometric morphometrics suggests that one reason for-this difficulty is that the exemplars drawn from sets of real objects (1) often exhibit shape differences other than those under nominal consideration or (2) are used to represents object classes whose boundaries are insufficiently documented. or described. Herein, strategies are developed that employ the ordination and modeling capabilities of eigenshape analysis to correct these deficiencies and devise sets of new, more representative, and easier to use shape-classification systems. By employing these approaches, augmented where necessary with formal statistical analyses, geologists can improve the sophistication, accuracy, and reproducibility of their morphological inferences. In doing this, they will also improve the reliability of their hypotheses tests. (C) 2002 The Natural History Museum London. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.