The greenhouse gas removal potential of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) to support the UK's net-zero emission target
The greenhouse gas removal potential of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) to support the UK's net-zero emission target
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.106164
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发表时间：
2021-08
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Samira García-Freites;C. Gough;M. Röder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Samira García-Freites;C. Gough;M. Röder
英国是第一个立法将所有温室气体排放减少到净零的主要经济体。为支持2050年净零排放目标，可能需要采取温室气体消除(GGR)方法，以抵消“难以减少的”部门的残余排放。具有碳捕获和封存的生物能源(BECCS)是GGR的一种技术解决方案。本研究使用流程建模和生命周期评估来识别三个BECCS供应链的GGR潜力。结果表明，在−647和−1137 kg兆瓦时−1之间，BECCS供应链具有显著的GGR潜力，净负排放为CO2E。比较了每条供应链所需的单位能源产出、生物量和面积的排放量，以评估GGR潜力和BECCS的可持续性影响。大规模的BECCS供应链具有强大的技术和高容量系数。它产生了最大的发电量和每年的GGR，然而，需要大量的生物质，这引发了潜在的可持续性问题。中等规模(CHP)的BECCS由于其更高的能源效率，提供了每能源最大的GGR潜力。限制因素是低容量系数、能源供需平衡以及不存在分散的CCS基础设施。(氢气)BECCS供应链更加多才多艺，生产氢气不仅有可能支持电力行业的脱碳，还有可能支持热力和运输行业的脱碳。GGR潜力处于中间位置，从生物质可持续发展的角度来看，它具有更大的好处，但氢气基础设施尚未建立，成本仍不确定。替代BECCS供应链的相对绩效应考虑二氧化碳去除与可持续生物质和土地利用之间的直接联系，以及GGR潜力。
The UK is the first major economy to legislate the reduction of all GHG emissions to net-zero. Greenhouse gas removal (GGR) approaches are likely to be required to support the 2050 net-zero target by offsetting residual emissions from ‘hard-to-abate’ sectors. Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is investigated as one technical solution for GGR. This research used process modelling and lifecycle assessment to identify the GGR potential of three BECCS supply chains. Results show that the BECCS supply chains have significant GGR potential with net-negative emissions as CO2e between −647 and −1137 kg MWh−1. Emissions were compared per unit energy output, biomass and area required for each supply chain to assess the GGR potential and BECCS sustainability implications. The large-scale BECCS supply chain features robust technologies with high capacity factor. It produces the greatest electricity generation and annual GGR, however, demands large amounts of biomass raising potential sustainability issues. The medium-scale (CHP) BECCS provides the greatest GGR potential per energy due to its higher energy efficiency. Limitations are a low capacity factor, energy demand-supply balance and non-existent decentralised CCS infrastructure. The (hydrogen) BECCS supply chain is more versatile, producing hydrogen with the potential to support the decarbonisation of not just power, but heat and transport sectors. The GGR potential sits in the middle and has greater benefits from a biomass sustainability perspective, yet, hydrogen infrastructure is not established, and costs remain uncertain. The relative performance of alternative BECCS supply chains should consider direct links between CO2removal and sustainable biomass and land use, as well as GGR potential.