An SVM Based Weight Scheme for Improving Kinematic GNSS Positioning Accuracy with Low-Cost GNSS Receiver in Urban Environments.
An SVM Based Weight Scheme for Improving Kinematic GNSS Positioning Accuracy with Low-Cost GNSS Receiver in Urban Environments.
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基于 SVM 的权重方案，用于提高城市环境中低成本 GNSS 接收器的运动 GNSS 定位精度。
DOI：
10.3390/s20247265
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发表时间：
2020-12-18
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gao Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lyu Z;Gao Y
由于严重的多路径效应、非视线（NLOS）误差以及卫星能见度和几何形状较差，在城市环境中使用低成本全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）进行高精度定位仍然是一个重大挑战。GNSS系统通常使用最小二乘（LS）或卡尔曼滤波器（KF）估计器来实现，并且适当的权重方案对于实现可靠的导航解决方案至关重要。传统的加权方案是基于信号在空间的测距误差（SISRE），海拔和C/N 0值，这将是在城市环境中的有效性较低，因为观察质量不能完全体现这些值。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的多特征支持向量机（SVM）的信号分类器为基础的权重方案的GNSS测量，以提高城市环境中的动态GNSS定位精度。建议的新的权重方案是基于城市环境中的GNSS数据的重要功能和智能分类的视线（LOS）和NLOS信号的识别。为了验证新提出的权重方案的性能，我们已经实现了它到一个实时单频精密单点定位（SFPPP）系统。采用低成本单频u-blox M8 T GNSS接收机进行的动态车载测试表明，与传统的基于C/N 0的权重模型相比，新的权重模型在水平和向上的定位精度分别提高了65.4%和85.0%，并且与传统方法相比，新的权重模型可以消除立交桥和短隧道处的大部分定位误差尖峰。它还超越了u-blox M8 T的内置星基增强系统（SBAS）解决方案，甚至优于u-blox F9 P和特林布尔BD 982等多频接收机的内置实时动态（RTK）解决方案。
High-precision positioning with low-cost global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) in urban environments remains a significant challenge due to the significant multipath effects, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) errors, as well as poor satellite visibility and geometry. A GNSS system is typically implemented with a least-square (LS) or a Kalman-filter (KF) estimator, and a proper weight scheme is vital for achieving reliable navigation solutions. The traditional weight schemes are based on the signal-in-space ranging errors (SISRE), elevation and C/N0 values, which would be less effective in urban environments since the observation quality cannot be fully manifested by those values. In this paper, we propose a new multi-feature support vector machine (SVM) signal classifier-based weight scheme for GNSS measurements to improve the kinematic GNSS positioning accuracy in urban environments. The proposed new weight scheme is based on the identification of important features in GNSS data in urban environments and intelligent classification of line-of-sight (LOS) and NLOS signals. To validate the performance of the newly proposed weight scheme, we have implemented it into a real-time single-frequency precise point positioning (SFPPP) system. The dynamic vehicle-based tests with a low-cost single-frequency u-blox M8T GNSS receiver demonstrate that the positioning accuracy using the new weight scheme outperforms the traditional C/N0 based weight model by 65.4% and 85.0% in the horizontal and up direction, and most position error spikes at overcrossing and short tunnels can be eliminated by the new weight scheme compared to the traditional method. It also surpasses the built-in satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS) solutions of the u-blox M8T and is even better than the built-in real-time-kinematic (RTK) solutions of multi-frequency receivers like the u-blox F9P and Trimble BD982.
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