Comparison-based time-space lower bounds for selection
Comparison-based time-space lower bounds for selection
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基于比较的时空下界选择
DOI:
10.1145/1721837.1721842
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发表时间:
2009
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通讯作者:
Timothy M. Chan
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文献类型:
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作者:
Timothy M. Chan
We establish the first nontrivial lower bounds on time-space trade-offs for the selection problem. We prove that any comparison-based randomized algorithm for finding the median requires Ω(<i>n</i>log log<sub><i>S</i></sub> <i>n</i>) expected time in the RAM model (or more generally in the comparison branching program model), if we have <i>S</i> bits of extra space besides the read-only input array. This bound is tight for all <i>S</i> ≫ log <i>n</i>, and remains true even if the array is given in a random order. Our result thus answers a 16-year-old question of Munro and Raman [1996], and also complements recent lower bounds that are restricted to sequential access, as in the multipass streaming model [Chakrabarti et al. 2008b].
We also prove that any comparison-based, deterministic, multipass streaming algorithm for finding the median requires Ω(<i>n</i>log<sup>*</sup>(<i>n</i>/<i>s</i>)+ <i>n</i>log<sub><i>s</i></sub> <i>n</i>) worst-case time (in scanning plus comparisons), if we have <i>s</i> cells of space. This bound is also tight for all <i>s</i> ≫log<sup>2</sup> <i>n</i>. We get deterministic lower bounds for I/O-efficient algorithms as well.
The proofs in this article are self-contained and do not rely on communication complexity techniques.