The Spemann organizer of Xenopus is patterned along its anteroposterior axis at the earliest gastrula stage.
The Spemann organizer of Xenopus is patterned along its anteroposterior axis at the earliest gastrula stage.
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爪蟾的斯佩曼组织器在最早的原肠胚阶段沿着其前后轴形成图案。
DOI：
10.1006/dbio.1997.8774
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gerhart,JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zoltewicz,JS;Gerhart,JC
Spemann组织者主要负责两栖动物发育过程中前后轴的组织和模式化。在这份报告中，我们研究的程度，前后模式在最早的原肠胚组织者ofXenopus使用胚胎学和分子技术相结合。当我们将最早期的原肠胚组织者（一个高20个细胞，宽25个细胞的区域）分成刻板的前半部分（植物）和后半部分（动物）时，每一半不仅有不同的命运和规范状态，而且还诱导了一组独特的区域特异性神经基因。当包裹在动物帽外胚层中时，前半部分仅诱导前特异性基因（XAG-1和dotxA），而后半部分诱导前（otxA和降低水平的XAG-1）和后（Hox B 9）神经基因，揭示了神经后化活动早期定位于后中内胚层。这是Xenopus组织者对区域化神经诱导的最早证明。此外，基于表达ofgsc，Xbra，和Xnot，我们表明，组织者的图案都在早期原肠胚阶段和之前的外观瓶细胞。
The Spemann organizer is largely responsible for organizing and patterning the anteroposterior axis during the development of amphibians. In this report, we examine the degree of anteroposterior pattern in the earliest gastrula organizer ofXenopususing a combination of embryological and molecular techniques. When we divide the earliest gastrula organizer, a region measuring 20 cells high by 25 cells wide, into stereotyped anterior (vegetal) and posterior (animal) halves, each half not only has a distinct fate and state of specification, but also induces a unique set of region-specific neural genes. When wrapped in animal cap ectoderm, the anterior half induces only anterior-specific genes (XAG-1andotxA), while the posterior half induces anterior (otxAand reduced levels ofXAG-1) and posterior (Hox B9) neural genes, revealing early localization of neural posteriorizing activity to posterior mesendoderm. This is the earliest demonstration of regionalized neural induction by theXenopusorganizer. Additionally, based on the expression ofgsc, Xbra,andXnot,we show that the organizer is patterned both at the early gastrula stage and prior to the appearance of bottle cells.