The Personality Profile of Tinnitus Sufferers and a Nontinnitus Control Group
The Personality Profile of Tinnitus Sufferers and a Nontinnitus Control Group
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DOI：
10.3766/jaaa.15103
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Searchfield, Grant D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Durai, Mithila;O'Keeffe, Mary G.;Searchfield, Grant D.
背景：慢性耳鸣（声音幻觉）严重影响15-20%患者的生活质量。了解某些人格特征如何影响耳鸣感知和痛苦，有助于改善耳鸣患者生活的干预措施的发展。目的：从先前的研究中确定了与耳鸣相关的四种主要自我报告人格特征（社会亲密性、应激反应、异化和自我控制）。将耳鸣与年龄、性别和听力水平匹配的非耳鸣对照组进行比较，以了解潜在的轮廓差异是否存在，以及人格特征水平是否与典型临床问卷中评估的各种耳鸣特征相关。研究设计：采用基于网络的人格调查，包括多维人格问卷、听力障碍量表筛选版、TFI和耳鸣病史问卷的自我控制、应激反应、疏离感和社会亲密度等子量表。研究样本：共有154名耳鸣患者（81名男性，73名女性，平均年龄= 62.6岁）和61名对照组（32名男性，29名女性，平均年龄= 59.62岁）通过耳鸣研究临床数据库、海报和社交媒体网站广告的电子邮件邀请招募。数据收集与分析：采用参数统计和IBM SPSS (R) Version 22软件进行统计分析。结果：耳鸣患者的应激反应水平、社会亲密度、自我控制能力和疏离感均高于对照组（p < 0.05）。疏离感与耳鸣音高和耳鸣病史问卷自述的耳鸣相关（p < 0.05）。应激反应与自我报告的耳鸣过度、耳鸣患者是否寻求其他治疗以及大声声音是否使耳鸣恶化相关（p < 0.05）。结论：本研究检测的四种人格特征显示出与耳鸣感知和痛苦的一致关联，并将耳鸣患者与非耳鸣对照组区分开来。一些特征也与耳鸣史问卷中测量的某些特征显著相关。在耳鸣的适应水平理论模型下，描述了人格特征与“适应不良”残差的关系。研究结果表明，某些性格特征与耳鸣的临床表现有关。
Background: Chronic tinnitus (phantom perception of sound) significantly disrupts quality of life in 15-20% of those who experience it. Understanding how certain personality traits impact tinnitus perception and distress can be beneficial for the development of interventions to improve the lives of tinnitus sufferers.Purpose: Four key self-reported personality traits (social closeness, stress reaction, alienation, and self-control) were identified from previous research as being associated with tinnitus. These were compared between tinnitus and age-, gender-, and hearing level-matched nontinnitus controls to see whether underlying profile differences exist, and if personality traits levels correlate with various tinnitus characteristics assessed in typical clinical questionnaires.Research Design: A Web-based personality survey was administered comprising of self-control, stress reaction, alienation, and social closeness subscale questions of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire, the Hearing Handicap Inventory-Screening Version, TFI, and the Tinnitus Case History Questionnaire.Study Sample: A total of 154 participants with tinnitus (81 males, 73 females, mean age = 62.6 yr) and 61 control (32 males, 29 females, mean age = 59.62 yr) participants were recruited via e-mail invitations to a tinnitus research clinic database, poster, and social media Web site advertising.Data Collection and Analysis: Statistical analysis was conducted using parametric statistics and IBM SPSS (R) Version 22 software.Results: Tinnitus sufferers displayed higher levels of stress reaction, lower social closeness, lower self-control, and higher alienation than the control group (p < 0.05). Alienation was related to tinnitus pitch and self-reported hyperacusis measured using the Tinnitus Case History Questionnaire (p < 0.05). Stress reaction correlated with self-reported hyperacusis, whether tinnitus sufferers had sought other treatments, and whether loud sounds make the tinnitus worse (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The four personality traits examined in this study exhibited a consistent association with tinnitus perception and distress, and differentiated tinnitus sufferers from nontinnitus control. Some of the traits also correlated significantly with certain characteristics measured in tinnitus history questionnaires. Personality traits are described in relation to "maladaptive" residuals under the Adaptation Level Theory model of tinnitus. The results of the study suggest that certain personality traits correlate with the clinical presentation of tinnitus.