Social and Physical Environmental Factors Influencing Adolescents' Physical Activity in Urban Public Open Spaces: A Qualitative Study Using Walk-Along Interviews.
Social and Physical Environmental Factors Influencing Adolescents' Physical Activity in Urban Public Open Spaces: A Qualitative Study Using Walk-Along Interviews.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0155686
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Van Cauwenberg J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Van Hecke L;Deforche B;Van Dyck D;De Bourdeaudhuij I;Veitch J;Van Cauwenberg J
以往关于公共开放空间（POS）中身体活动的研究大多只关注物理环境。然而，根据社会生态模型，社会环境也很重要。本研究的目的是确定社会和物质环境因素对低收入社区POS青少年的探视和体育活动的影响。由于目前对这一主题的了解有限，特别是在欧洲，因此使用定性的漫步访谈来获得详细的和特定于上下文的信息。参与者（n = 30，年龄12-16岁，64%男孩）在布鲁塞尔、根特和安特卫普（比利时）低收入社区的POS中招募。参与者与面试官一起在POS中行走时接受面试。使用这种方法，采访者可以在参与者实际体验环境的同时观察和提问。使用Nvivo 10软件对所有录音采访进行转录和分析，并使用主题分析，使用扎根理论方法推导类别和子类别。支持访问POS和在POS中进行体力活动的最重要的子类别是；步行/骑自行车/乘坐公共交通可达性，靠近家/学校，有（活跃的）朋友和家人，POS的清洁度和功能，是否有运动和游戏设施，大的开放空间和美丽的风景。不支持访问POS和体力活动的最重要的子类别是；不受欢迎的用户（吸毒者，帮派和无家可归的人）的存在，其他用户的行为和POS的清洁度和特征。社会因素往往比物理因素更有影响力，然而，影响青少年在POS中的行为的是社会因素和物理因素的结合。如果青少年也经历了一个安全和熟悉的社会环境，那么在青少年家或学校附近容易接近且具有高质量特征的POS可能会刺激身体活动。
Most previous studies examining physical activity in Public Open Spaces (POS) focused solely on the physical environment. However, according to socio-ecological models the social environment is important as well. The aim of this study was to determine which social and physical environmental factors affect adolescents’ visitation and physical activity in POS in low-income neighbourhoods. Since current knowledge on this topic is limited, especially in Europe, qualitative walk-along interviews were used to obtain detailed and context-specific information. Participants (n = 30, aged 12–16 years, 64% boys) were recruited in POS in low-income neighbourhoods in Brussels, Ghent and Antwerp (Belgium). Participants were interviewed while walking in the POS with the interviewer. Using this method, the interviewer could observe and ask questions while the participant was actually experiencing the environment. All audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and analysed using Nvivo 10 software and thematic analysis was used to derive categories and subcategories using a grounded theory approach. The most important subcategories that were supportive of visiting POS and performing physical activity in POS were; accessibility by foot/bicycle/public transport, located close to home/school, presence of (active) friends and family, cleanliness of the POS and features, availability of sport and play facilities, large open spaces and beautiful sceneries. The most important subcategories that were unsupportive of visiting POS and physical activity in POS were; presence of undesirable users (drug users, gangs and homeless people), the behaviour of other users and the cleanliness of the POS and features. Social factors appeared often more influential than physical factors, however, it was the combination of social and physical factors that affected adolescents’ behaviour in POS. Easily accessible POS with high quality features in the proximity of adolescents’ home or school may stimulate physical activity, if adolescents also experience a safe and familiar social environment.