Habitat fragmentation and its lasting impact on Earth's ecosystems.
Habitat fragmentation and its lasting impact on Earth's ecosystems.
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.1500052
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发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Townshend JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Haddad NM;Brudvig LA;Clobert J;Davies KF;Gonzalez A;Holt RD;Lovejoy TE;Sexton JO;Austin MP;Collins CD;Cook WM;Damschen EI;Ewers RM;Foster BL;Jenkins CN;King AJ;Laurance WF;Levey DJ;Margules CR;Melbourne BA;Nicholls AO;Orrock JL;Song DX;Townshend JR
迫切需要采取保护和恢复措施，改善景观连通性。我们对全球森林覆盖率进行了分析，发现70%的剩余森林位于森林边缘1公里范围内，受到破碎化的退化影响。一项跨越多个生物群落和尺度、五大洲和35年的碎片化实验的综合结果表明，栖息地碎片化使生物多样性减少了13%至75%，并通过减少生物量和改变养分循环来损害关键的生态系统功能。在最小和最孤立的碎片中，影响最大，随着时间的推移，它们会扩大。这些发现表明，迫切需要采取保护和恢复措施，以改善景观连通性，这将降低灭绝率，并有助于维持生态系统服务。
Urgent need for conservation and restoration measures to improve landscape connectivity. We conducted an analysis of global forest cover to reveal that 70% of remaining forest is within 1 km of the forest’s edge, subject to the degrading effects of fragmentation. A synthesis of fragmentation experiments spanning multiple biomes and scales, five continents, and 35 years demonstrates that habitat fragmentation reduces biodiversity by 13 to 75% and impairs key ecosystem functions by decreasing biomass and altering nutrient cycles. Effects are greatest in the smallest and most isolated fragments, and they magnify with the passage of time. These findings indicate an urgent need for conservation and restoration measures to improve landscape connectivity, which will reduce extinction rates and help maintain ecosystem services.