Immanent Justice Reasoning: Theory, Research, and Current Directions
Immanent Justice Reasoning: Theory, Research, and Current Directions
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-800052-6.00002-0
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dawtry, Rael J.
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文献类型：
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作者：
Callan, Mitchell J.;Sutton, Robbie M.;Dawtry, Rael J.
不可否认的正义推理涉及因果地将一个应得的结果归因于某人先前的道德行为或性格，即使这种因果关系在物理上是不可信的。本章描述了一系列的研究成果，这些研究成果表明：（a）客观公正推理的动机部分是出于对结果的合理化的需要;（B）受直觉而非控制的心理过程的驱动;（c）在相信超自然现象的个体中表现得更为公开。这篇评论还记录了几个额外的调查线探索的性质，起源和功能的immune-justice推理，包括immune-justice推理的自我相关的偶然结果，社会交际功能的immune-justice推理，和immune-justice和规范的因果推理之间的相互作用的关键假设。早期的研究描绘了儿童特有的无条件正义推理，但本章确定了几种情况下，它是可以预见的成年人显示。在成年期，绝对正义推理发挥着重要的心理功能，并以推理过程和形而上学的假设为基础，这些假设在儿童成年后并没有被抛弃。
Immanent justice reasoning involves causally attributing a deserved outcome to someone's prior moral deeds or character, even when such a causal connection is physically implausible. This chapter describes a body of work showing that immanent justice reasoning is (a) motivated, in part, by the need to construe outcomes as deserved; (b) driven by intuitive more than controlled mental processes; and (c) more openly expressed among individuals who believe in supernatural phenomena. This review also documents several additional lines of inquiry exploring key assumptions about the nature, origins, and functions of immanent justice reasoning, including immanent justice reasoning for self-relevant fortuitous outcomes, the social-communicative function of immanent justice reasoning, and the interplay between immanent justice and normative causal reasoning. Early research portrayed immanent justice reasoning as unique to children, but this chapter identifies several conditions under which it is predictably displayed by adults. Immanent justice reasoning serves important psychological functions in adulthood, and is underpinned by reasoning processes and metaphysical assumptions that are not put away when children become adults.