Identifying Novel Targets for Treatment of Liver Fibrosis: What Can We Learn from Injured Tissues which Heal Without a Scar?
Identifying Novel Targets for Treatment of Liver Fibrosis: What Can We Learn from Injured Tissues which Heal Without a Scar?
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DOI：
10.2174/1389450116666150825111439
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
McCracken, Jennifer M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pritchard, Michele T.;McCracken, Jennifer M.
肝脏的独特之处在于它能够再生。在非反复肝损伤的情况下，这种再生发生而不形成瘢痕。然而，当肝脏暴露于慢性肝损伤时，纯再生过程失败，过量的细胞外基质蛋白沉积在正常肝实质的位置。虽然在过去的三十年里已经发现了很多东西，但对纤维化机制的深入了解尚未带来有效的治疗方法;肝脏移植仍然是晚期肝脏疾病的唯一治疗方法。在努力扩大收集可能的治疗目标，本次审查将比较和对比肝脏伤口愈合反应，发现在两种类型的伤口愈合：无瘢痕的伤口愈合胎儿皮肤和口腔粘膜和瘢痕形成的伤口愈合在成人皮肤。本文将探讨伤口愈合在肝脏和皮肤的体液和细胞因子的作用，以及细胞外基质，在这个过程中。虽然纤维化肝脏和成人皮肤伤口愈合之间有几个治疗靶点是相似的，但其他靶点是独特的，代表了肝脏抗纤维化研究的新领域。特别是，调查透明质酸在肝纤维化和纤维化解决的作用是必要的。
The liver is unique in that it is able to regenerate. This regeneration occurs without formation of a scar in the case of non-iterative hepatic injury. However, when the liver is exposed to chronic liver injury, the purely regenerative process fails and excessive extracellular matrix proteins are deposited in place of normal liver parenchyma. While much has been discovered in the past three decades, insights into fibrotic mechanisms have not yet lead to effective therapies; liver transplant remains the only cure for advanced liver disease. In an effort to broaden the collection of possible therapeutic targets, this review will compare and contrast the liver wound healing response to that found in two types of wound healing: scarless wound healing of fetal skin and oral mucosa and scar-forming wound healing found in adult skin. This review will examine wound healing in the liver and the skin in relation to the role of humoral and cellular factors, as well as the extracellular matrix, in this process. While several therapeutic targets are similar between fibrotic liver and adult skin wound healing, others are unique and represent novel areas for hepatic anti-fibrotic research. In particular, investigations into the role of hyaluronan in liver fibrosis and fibrosis resolution are warranted.