Size- and charge-controllable polystyrene spheres for templates in the preparation of porous silica particles with tunable internal hole configurations
Size- and charge-controllable polystyrene spheres for templates in the preparation of porous silica particles with tunable internal hole configurations
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cej.2014.07.005
复制
发表时间：
2014-11
影响因子：
15.1
通讯作者：
A. Nandiyanto;A. Suhendi;T. Ogi;Ryohei Umemoto;K. Okuyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Nandiyanto;A. Suhendi;T. Ogi;Ryohei Umemoto;K. Okuyama
合成聚苯乙烯微球的研究在稳步增加。然而，关于聚苯乙烯的物理化学性质(即尺寸和电荷)的控制及其作为材料结构模板的应用的信息仍然有限。本研究的目的是通过一步简单的方法合成尺寸可控(80~350 nm)、电荷可控(−50~+40 mV)的无表面活性剂聚苯乙烯微球，并展示其作为模板的应用，以促进具有可调内部孔结构的多孔粒子的生产。与其他聚苯乙烯合成方法不同，本合成过程是在无表面活性剂的条件下进行的。为了控制聚苯乙烯的大小和用量，考察了几个反应参数(即温度、苯乙烯用量、引发剂浓度和类型(阳离子和阴离子))。为了考察我们合成的聚苯乙烯作为结构模板的有效性，将合成的聚苯乙烯微球与主体材料混合并用于喷雾方法。作为宿主材料的模型，使用了15 nm的二氧化硅纳米颗粒和正硅酸四甲酯。之所以选择这些原材料，是因为有关这些材料开发的信息仍然有限。喷雾方法的结果表明，通过灵活地控制聚苯乙烯模板的尺寸和表面电荷，可以帮助生成具有不同孔结构的颗粒，包括控制孔腔、内部结构和外部形状的多孔和中空颗粒。此外，还对孔道结构形成的机理进行了理论解释和设计，这对放大预测和估算具有重要意义。
Studies on the synthesis of polystyrene spheres have steadily increased in number. However, information regarding control of the physicochemical properties (i.e., size and charge) of polystyrene and its application as a template for the structure of materials remains limited. The purpose of our study was to synthesize surfactant-free polystyrene spheres with a controllable size (from 80 to 350 nm) and charge (from −50 to +40 mV) using a single-step and facile process, and to demonstrate their applications as templates for facilitating the production of porous particles with a tunable internal hole structure. Different from other polystyrene synthesis methods, the present synthesis procedure was conducted under surfactant-free conditions. To control polystyrene size and charge, several reaction parameters (i.e., temperature, styrene amount, and initiator concentration and type (cationic and anionic)) were investigated. To investigate the effectiveness of our synthesized polystyrene as a structure template, the synthesized polystyrene spheres were mixed with a host material and used in a spray method. As models of a host material, 15-nm silica nanoparticles and tetramethyl orthosilicate were used. These raw materials were selected because information about the exploitation of these materials remains limited. The results of the spray method showed that flexibility in the control of the size and surface charge of the polystyrene template made it possible to assist in the creation of particles with different hole configurations, including porous and hollow particles with control over the hole cavity, the internal structure, and the external shape. In addition, a theoretical explanation and a design for the mechanism of a hole-structured formation were also added, which would be important for the scaling-up prediction and estimation.