Association between implant apex and sinus floor in posterior maxilla dental implantation: A three-dimensional finite element analysis.
Association between implant apex and sinus floor in posterior maxilla dental implantation: A three-dimensional finite element analysis.
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DOI：
10.3892/etm.2015.2205
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发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Wu L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan X;Zhang X;Chi W;Ai H;Wu L
本研究的目的是通过三维有限元分析来评价上颌后牙种植中种植体顶端与窦底之间的关系。根据上颌后区的解剖资料，建立了10个上颌后区不同高度、不同窦底皮质骨厚度的上颌后牙槽骨三维有限元模型。6个模型的顶骨皮质厚度相同，窦底皮质骨厚度为1 mm，但牙槽骨高度不同(10~14 mm)。第二组的4个模型相似(11 mm高的牙槽骨和1 mm厚的顶骨皮质)，但有不同的窦底皮质骨厚度(0.5~2.0 mm)。使用计算机辅助设计(CAD)软件创建基于诺贝尔Biocare®种植体系统的标准种植体模型，并将其组装成模型。假定材料为各向同性和线弹性。施加129N的斜向力。用计算机辅助设计软件计算最大von Mise应力、应力分布、种植体位移和共振频率。除双皮质种植体外，von Mise应力主要集中在种植体颈周围的顶端皮质骨表面。即刻加载时，当种植体顶端进入或穿过鼻窦皮质骨时，种植体的最大位移，特别是在种植体顶端的最大位移小于其他组。随着种植体尖在鼻窦底皮质骨中深度的增加，最大位移减小，种植体轴向共振频率呈线性上升趋势，而颊舌向共振频率几乎不受影响。这项关于种植体顶端与窦底之间关系的有限元研究表明，种植体顶端接触、穿透或穿透窦底皮质骨有利于种植体的稳定性，尤其是在即刻加载时。
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the association between the implant apex and the sinus floor in posterior maxilla dental implantation by means of three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) analysis. Ten 3D FE models of a posterior maxillary region with a sinus membrane and different heights of alveolar ridge with different thicknesses of sinus floor cortical bone were constructed according to anatomical data of the sinus area. Six models were constructed with the same thickness of crestal cortical bone and a 1-mm thick sinus floor cortical bone, but differing heights of alveolar ridge (between 10 and 14 mm). The four models of the second group were similar (11-mm-high alveolar ridge and 1-mm-thick crestal cortical bone) but with a changing thickness of sinus floor cortical bone (between 0.5 and 2.0 mm). The standard implant model based on the Nobel Biocare® implant system was created by computer-aided design (CAD) software and assembled into the models. The materials were assumed to be isotropic and linearly elastic. An inclined force of 129 N was applied. The maximum von Mises stress, stress distribution, implant displacement and resonance frequencies were calculated using CAD software. The von Mises stress was concentrated on the surface of the crestal cortical bone around the implant neck with the exception of that for the bicortical implantation. For immediate loading, when the implant apex broke into or through the sinus cortical bone, the maximum displacements of the implant, particularly at the implant apex, were smaller than those in the other groups. With increasing depth of the implant apex in the sinus floor cortical bone, the maximum displacements decreased and the implant axial resonance frequencies presented a linear upward tendency, but buccolingual resonance frequencies were hardly affected. This FE study on the association between implant apex and sinus floor showed that having the implant apex in contact with, piercing or breaking through the sinus floor cortical bone benefited the implant stability, particularly for immediate loading.
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