Neural mechanisms of drug stimuli: experimental approaches.
Neural mechanisms of drug stimuli: experimental approaches.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-73223-2_11
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Holtzman;K. W. Locke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Holtzman;K. W. Locke
药物鉴别方法提供了一个行为终点，反映了药物在细胞水平上的作用。许多药理学类药物对行为的刺激控制满足受体介导现象的标准。在许多种类的药物中，鉴别效应的相对效力顺序与药物在涉及与特定受体群体相互作用的其他程序中的效力顺序高度相关。例子包括吗啡类阿片类药物和苯二氮卓类药物。特异性竞争拮抗剂对于确定起药物区别作用的神经元底物至关重要。定量药理学方法不仅可以用来定义介导药物鉴别作用的受体，还可以用来评估药物在受体上的内在活性。大多数药物刺激控制行为的主要部位可以通过间接和直接的方法显示为中枢而不是外周起源；然而，拖曳作用的特定部位的神经解剖学定位仍然难以捉摸。人们开始关注内源性神经肽，它们的区别刺激特性和在调节药物区别作用中的潜在作用。药物鉴别方法的一些最重要的贡献可能出现在迅速兴起的肽神经药理学领域。
Drug discrimination methodology affords a behavioral end point that reflects actions of a drug at the cellular level. The stimulus control of behavior by drugs of many pharmacological classes satisfies criteria for a receptor-mediated phenomenon. Within many classes of drugs, order of relative of potency for discriminative effects correlates highly with the order of potency of the drugs in other procedures that involve interactions with a defined population of receptors. Examples include the morphine-like opioids and the benzodiazepines. Specific competitive antagonists are of paramount importance for defining neuronal substrates that subserve the discriminative effects of a drug. Quantitative pharmacological approaches can be used not only to define the receptor mediating the discriminative effects of a drug but also to assess the intrinsic activity of the drug at the receptor. The primary site of stimulus control of behavior by most drugs can be shown by indirect and direct means to be of central rather than peripheral origin; however, neuroanatomical localization of specific sites of drag action remains elusive. Attention is starting to be focused on endogenous neuropeptides, their discriminative stimulus properties and potential role in modulating discriminative effects of drags. Some of the most important contributions of drug discrimination methodology may arise in the rapidly emerging area of peptide neuropharmacology.