Increased expression of telomere-regulating genes in endurance athletes with long leukocyte telomeres
Increased expression of telomere-regulating genes in endurance athletes with long leukocyte telomeres
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DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.00587.2015
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发表时间：
2016-01-15
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Charchar, Fadi J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Denham, Joshua;O'Brien, Brendan J.;Charchar, Fadi J.
白细胞端粒随着年龄的增长而缩短，过度缩短与年龄相关的心脏代谢疾病有关。运动训练可以通过维持端粒长度来预防疾病，尽管减少端粒磨损的最佳运动量尚不清楚。此外，在耐力运动员中观察到的增强端粒维持的潜在分子机制知之甚少。我们定量白细胞端粒长度和端粒调节基因的表达分析耐力运动员和健康对照组（均n = 61），使用定量PCR。我们发现耐力运动员有显着更长（7.1%，208-416 nt）的白细胞端粒和上调的TERT（2.0倍）和TPP 1（1.3倍）的mRNA表达与对照组相比，在年龄调整分析。在调整静息心率和相对（V）超过dotO（2 max）后，端粒长度和端粒调节基因表达差异不再具有统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。在逐步回归模型中，静息心率是白细胞端粒长度和TERT及TPP 1 mRNA表达的独立预测因子。为了衡量运动量是否与白细胞端粒长度相关，我们将受试者分为跑步和骑自行车三分位数（每周覆盖的距离），发现中间和最高三分位数的个体比最低三分位数的个体具有更长的端粒。这些数据强调了心肺适能和运动训练在预防生物衰老中的重要性。他们还支持这样的概念，即适量的运动训练可以防止生物衰老，而更高的量可能不会带来额外的好处。
Leukocyte telomeres shorten with age, and excessive shortening is associated with age-related cardiometabolic diseases. Exercise training may prevent disease through telomere length maintenance although the optimal amount of exercise that attenuates telomere attrition is unknown. Furthermore, the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the enhanced telomere maintenance observed in endurance athletes is poorly understood. We quantified the leukocyte telomere length and analyzed the expression of telomere-regulating genes in endurance athletes and healthy controls (both n = 61), using quantitative PCR. We found endurance athletes have significantly longer (7.1%, 208-416 nt) leukocyte telomeres and upregulated TERT (2.0-fold) and TPP1 (1.3-fold) mRNA expression compared with controls in age-adjusted analysis. The telomere length and telomere-regulating gene expression differences were no longer statistically significant after adjustment for resting heart rate and relative (V) over dotO(2 max) (all P > 0.05). Resting heart rate emerged as an independent predictor of leukocyte telomere length and TERT and TPP1 mRNA expression in stepwise regression models. To gauge whether volume of exercise was associated with leukocyte telomere length, we divided subjects into running and cycling tertiles (distance covered per week) and found individuals in the middle and highest tertiles had longer telomeres than individuals in the lowest tertile. These data emphasize the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise training in the prevention of biological aging. They also support the concept that moderate amounts of exercise training protects against biological aging, while higher amounts may not elicit additional benefits.