No evidence for an association between obesity and milkshake liking.
No evidence for an association between obesity and milkshake liking.
复制标题
没有证据表明肥胖和奶昔喜好之间存在关联。
DOI：
10.1038/s41366-020-0583-x
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Small,DanaM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wall,KathrynM;Farruggia,MichaelC;Perszyk,EmilyE;Kanyamibwa,Arsene;Fromm,Sophie;Davis,XueS;Dalenberg,JelleR;DiFeliceantonio,AlexandraG;Small,DanaM
背景肥胖的流行模型认为，在当今的饮食环境中，享乐信号超越了自我平衡机制，促进了暴饮暴食。研究者对“享乐”的定义有很大的不同，但最常见的是指一系列的欲望事件，包括激励性的突出、动机、强化和感知的愉悦。在这里，我们将享乐定义为在进食过程中体验到的orosensory愉悦，并着手测试肥胖与可口且能量密集的奶昔的感知愉悦之间是否存在关系。110名体重指数（BMI）为19.3 - 52.1 kg/m2的个体的广义标记量值量表（2）。腰围、腰臀比和体脂百分比也被测量。重要的是，与大多数先前的研究不同，我们试图通过指导参与者到达实验室时既不饿也不饱，并且至少禁食1小时来标准化内部状态。采用一般线性和线性混合效应模型（GLM）分析数据。饥饿评级之前也进行了检查享乐测量和包括作为协变量在我们的analysis.ResultsWe确定了一个显着的关联评级之间的饥饿和奶昔的喜欢和想要。相比之下，我们没有发现任何证据之间的关系的肥胖和评级的奶昔喜欢，想要，或intensity.ConclusionsWe的结论是，肥胖是不相关的，我们的能量密集和可口的奶昔消费过程中所经历的乐趣。我们的研究结果提供了进一步的证据，反对这一假设，即提高享乐信号驱动体重增加。
BackgroundPrevailing models of obesity posit that hedonic signals override homeostatic mechanisms to promote overeating in today’s food environment. What researchers mean by “hedonic” varies considerably, but most frequently refers to an aggregate of appetitive events including incentive salience, motivation, reinforcement, and perceived pleasantness. Here we define hedonic as orosensory pleasure experienced during eating and set out to test whether there is a relationship between adiposity and the perceived pleasure of a palatable and energy-dense milkshake.MethodsThe perceived liking, wanting, and intensity of two palatable and energy-dense milkshakes were assessed using the Labeled Hedonic Scale (1), visual analog scale (VAS), and Generalized Labeled Magnitude Scale (2) in 110 individuals ranging in body mass index (BMI) from 19.3 to 52.1 kg/m2. Waist circumference, waist–hip ratio, and percent body fat were also measured. Importantly, unlike the majority of prior studies, we attempted to standardize internal state by instructing participants to arrive to the laboratory neither hungry nor full and at least 1-h fasted. Data were analyzed with general linear and linear mixed effects models (GLMs). Hunger ratings were also examined prior to hedonic measurement and included as covariates in our analyses.ResultsWe identified a significant association between ratings of hunger and milkshake liking and wanting. By contrast, we found no evidence for a relationship between any measure of adiposity and ratings of milkshake liking, wanting, or intensity.ConclusionsWe conclude that adiposity is not associated with the pleasure experienced during consumption of our energy-dense and palatable milkshakes. Our results provide further evidence against the hypothesis that heightened hedonic signals drive weight gain.