CMIP6 Simulations With the CMCC Earth System Model (CMCC-ESM2)
CMIP6 Simulations With the CMCC Earth System Model (CMCC-ESM2)
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DOI：
10.1029/2021ms002814
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发表时间：
2022-03-01
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Navarra, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lovato, T.;Peano, D.;Navarra, A.
本文介绍了第二代CMCC地球系统模型（CMCC- esm2），该模型在CMIP5的基础上扩展了许多海洋和陆地生物地球化学过程。特别是，土地生物地球化学被扩展到更广泛的碳库和植物功能类型，以及氮循环的预测表示。海洋生态系统的表现形式被重塑为低营养水平相互作用的中等复杂性，包括相互作用的底栖生物室和异养细菌种群的新配方。详细介绍了不同实验的模型建立和实现，作为耦合模型比较项目第六阶段的贡献。CMCC-ESM2的平衡气候敏感性为3.57℃，瞬态气候响应为1.97℃，接近CMIP5和CMIP6多模式平均值。利用现有观测资料对历史时期的气候-碳耦合响应进行了评估，结果表明物理量和生物地球化学量具有一致的表征。然而，陆地碳汇被发现比目前的全球碳估计值要弱，模拟的海洋初级产量略低于近几十年来基于卫星的平均值。未来的预测一致显示北半球将出现显著的全球变暖，高纬度地区的降水将加剧。海洋pH值和氧以及陆地碳氮土壤储量的预期变率范围与其他CMIP6模式的评估结果相比有利。
This article introduces the second generation CMCC Earth System Model (CMCC-ESM2) that extends a number of marine and terrestrial biogeochemical processes with respect to its CMIP5 predecessor. In particular, land biogeochemistry was extended to a wider set of carbon pools and plant functional types, along with a prognostic representation of the nitrogen cycle. The marine ecosystem representation was reshaped toward an intermediate complexity of lower trophic level interactions, including an interactive benthic compartment and a new formulation of heterotrophic bacterial population. Details are provided on the model setup and implementation for the different experiments performed as contribution to the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. CMCC-ESM2 shows an equilibrium climate sensitivity of 3.57 degrees C and a transient climate response of 1.97 degrees C which are close to the CMIP5 and CMIP6 multi-model averages. The evaluation of the coupled climate-carbon response in the historical period against available observational datasets show a consistent representation of both physical and biogeochemical quantities. However, the land carbon sink is found to be weaker than the current global carbon estimates and the simulated marine primary production is slightly below the satellite-based average over recent decades. Future projections coherently show a prominent global warming over the northern hemisphere with intensified precipitations at high latitudes. The expected ranges of variability for oceanic pH and oxygen, as well as land carbon and nitrogen soil storage, compare favorably with those assessed from other CMIP6 models.