Adolescents' perceptions of risk for HIV infection: implications for future research.
Adolescents' perceptions of risk for HIV infection: implications for future research.
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青少年对艾滋病毒感染风险的看法：对未来研究的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/0277-9536(91)90063-i
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Strunin,L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strunin,L
很少有研究调查青少年对自己感染艾滋病毒风险的看法。来自马萨诸塞州的两项青少年研究的结果表明，青少年在知识、信念、行为和风险感知方面存在差异，并建议需要了解不同种族或民族背景的青少年之间的差异。在这两项研究中，白色学生对偶然、性和毒品使用传播艾滋病毒的知识最多，其次是黑人、西班牙裔和亚洲学生。在这两项研究中，性活跃的黑人青少年多于其他种族或族裔群体，黑人和西班牙裔青少年开始性交的年龄早于白色或亚洲青少年。亚裔和西班牙裔青少年最担心感染艾滋病。虽然更多的西班牙裔比其他群体报告改变他们的行为，因为艾滋病，他们中很少有谁改变了他们的性或避孕行为是使用有效的方法。尽管这些青少年之间的艾滋病的感知风险存在明显差异，但其根本原因仍有待阐明，除其他数据收集方法外，使用人种学技术来探讨青少年的风险认知，他们对疾病的理解以及他们对艾滋病的解释模型。生活事件影响冒险行为，也塑造风险的看法。要理解青少年认为什么是“危险的”，需要在他们的愿望和对如何“适应”的担忧的更大背景下看到他们的生活选择。
Few studies have investigated adolescents' perceptions of their risk for HIV infection. Findings from two studies of adolescents in Massachusetts indicate that there are differences in the knowledge, beliefs, behaviors, and perceptions of risk among adolescents and suggest the need for understanding the differences among adolescents from different racial or ethnic backgrounds. In both studies, white students were the most knowledgeable about casual, sexual, and drug use transmission of HIV followed by black, Hispanic, and Asian students. In both studies more black adolescents than other racial or ethnic groups were sexually active, and black and Hispanic adolescents began having sexual intercourse at an earlier age than white or Asian adolescents. Asian and Hispanic adolescents were most worried about getting AIDS. Although more Hispanics than other groups reported changing their behavior because of AIDS, fewer of them who had changed their sexual or contraceptive behavior were using effective methods. Despite clear differences in the perceived risk of getting AIDS among these adolescents, the underlying reasons remain to be explicated, using, among other data collection methods, ethnographic techniques to probe adolescents' risk perceptions, their understandings of sickness, and their explanatory models of AIDS. Life events affect risk taking behaviors and also shape perceptions of risk. To understand what it is that adolescents consider ‘risky’ requires seeing their life options as they do in the larger context of their aspirations and worries about how ‘to fit in’.