Diagnosis and classification of periodontal disease
Diagnosis and classification of periodontal disease
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1834-7819.2009.01140.x
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Highfield, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Highfield, J.
牙周病的认识和治疗至少有5000年的历史。多年来，临床医生已经认识到牙周病的表现存在明显的差异，并试图对这些疾病进行分类。疾病分类系统已经出现，允许临床医生开发可用于识别与病因、发病机理和治疗相关的疾病的结构。它使我们能够组织对患者疾病的有效治疗。一旦疾病得到诊断和分类，就会向临床医生建议疾病的病因和适当的循证治疗。共同的分类系统还允许使用共同语言的卫生保健专业人员之间进行有效的沟通。早期的分类尝试是根据疾病的临床特征或其病因学理论进行的。这些尝试没有任何证据支持。随着科学知识的扩展，传统病理学形成了分类的基础。最近，根据我们对各种牙周感染和宿主对它们的反应的了解，又建立了分类系统。然而，牙周病的分类已被证明是有问题的。在上个世纪的大部分时间里，临床医生和研究人员一直在努力解决这个问题，并定期聚集在一起，审查或发展各种形式的牙周病的分类，因为研究扩大了我们对这些疾病的认识。这导致了频繁的修订和更改。但是，分类不应被视为一种永久性结构。它必须能够适应变化，并随着新知识的发展而发展。预计分类系统将随着时间的推移而改变。本文就牙周病的分类进行综述。
Periodontal diseases have been recognized and treated for at least 5000 years. Clinicians have recognized for many years that there are apparent differences in the presentation of periodontal diseases and have attempted to classify these diseases. Systems of classifications of disease have arisen allowing clinicians to develop structures which can be used to identify diseases in relation to aetiology, pathogenesis and treatment. It allows us to organize effective treatment of our patients' diseases. Once a disease has been diagnosed and classified, the aetiology of the condition and appropriate evidence-based treatment is suggested to the clinician. Common systems of classification also allow effective communication between health care professionals using a common language. Early attempts at classification were made on the basis of the clinical characteristics of the diseases or on theories of their aetiology. These attempts were unsupported by any evidence base. As scientific knowledge expanded, conventional pathology formed the basis of classification. More recently, this has been followed by systems of classification based upon our knowledge of the various periodontal infections and the host response to them. Classification of periodontal diseases has, however, proved problematic. Over much of the last century clinicians and researchers have grappled with the problem and have assembled periodically to review or develop the classification of the various forms of periodontal disease as research has expanded our knowledge of these diseases. This has resulted in frequent revisions and changes. A classification, however, should not be regarded as a permanent structure. It must be adaptable to change and evolve with the development of new knowledge. It is expected that systems of classification will change over time. This review examines the past and present classifications of the periodontal diseases.