Impact of grazing intensity on herbage intake, composition, and digestibility and on live weight gain of sheep on the Inner Mongolian steppe
Impact of grazing intensity on herbage intake, composition, and digestibility and on live weight gain of sheep on the Inner Mongolian steppe
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DOI：
10.1016/j.livsci.2009.01.007
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发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
T. Glindemann;Chengjie Wang;B. Tas;A. Schiborra;M. Gierus;F. Taube;A. Susenbeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Glindemann;Chengjie Wang;B. Tas;A. Schiborra;M. Gierus;F. Taube;A. Susenbeth
在过去的几十年里，高放牧压力造成了严重的生态问题，在内蒙古草原，中国。本试验旨在研究不同放牧强度对绵羊采食量、牧草化学成分、牧草消化率和增重的影响。2005年生长季在锡林河流域进行了6种不同放牧强度（1.5、3.0、4.5、6.0、7.5和9.0只羊/ha）的放牧试验。HM从最低放牧强度的1.5吨DM/公顷下降到最高放牧强度的0.6吨DM/公顷。牧草的NDF含量较高（>700 g/kg DM）且相对稳定，而酸性洗涤木质素（ADL）含量则随放牧强度和放牧季节的进行而增加。绵羊采食有机物消化率（DOM）、绵羊采食有机物（OMI）和可消化有机物（DOMI）均随放牧强度的增加而降低（P=0.090和P=0.065），而绵羊采食LWG随放牧强度的增加而降低（P=0.018）。DOM、OMI与ADL含量呈负相关。但牧草采食量和每公顷采食量均随放牧强度的增加而增加（P<0.001），分别在9只和7.5只羊/公顷时达到最大值。这一观察结果证实了目前农民的做法，高放牧压力，忽视了长期的草地生产力和生态问题。因此，继续进行研究，以提供有关长期影响的进一步信息。本研究表明，放牧强度对动物和草地生产力的显着影响和适用的方法来测量的采食量和消化率在一个大规模的放牧试验绵羊。
High grazing pressure during the last decades caused severe ecological problems in the steppe of Inner Mongolia, China. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of grazing intensity of sheep on herbage mass (HM) and intake, chemical composition and digestibility of herbage, and on live weight gain (LWG). A grazing experiment with six different grazing intensities (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5, and 9.0 sheep/ha) was conducted in the growing season of 2005 in the Xilin River Basin. HM decreased from 1.5 t DM/ha at the lowest grazing intensity to 0.6 t DM/ha at the highest grazing intensity. NDF content of the herbage was high (>700 g/kg DM) and relatively constant, whereas acid detergent lignin (ADL) content increased with grazing intensity and with proceeding grazing season. Digestibility of organic matter ingested (DOM) tended to decrease with grazing intensity as well as intake of organic matter (OMI) and of digestible organic matter (DOMI) per sheep (P=0.090 and P=0.065, respectively), whereas LWG per sheep decreased with increasing grazing intensity (P=0.018). DOM and OMI were negatively related to ADL content. However, herbage intake and LWG per ha increased with grazing intensity (P<0.001) and reached their maximum at 9 and 7.5 sheep per ha, respectively. This observation confirms the current farmers' practise of high grazing pressure ignoring long term grassland productivity and ecological problems. Therefore, the studies are continued to provide further information on long term effects. This study could show pronounced effects of grazing intensity on animal and grassland productivity and the suitability of the methods applied to measure intake and digestibility of herbage in a large scale grazing experiment with sheep.