Where groundwater seeps: Evaluating modeled groundwater discharge patterns with thermal infrared surveys at the river-network scale
Where groundwater seeps: Evaluating modeled groundwater discharge patterns with thermal infrared surveys at the river-network scale
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DOI：
10.1016/j.advwatres.2021.104108
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发表时间：
2022-01-10
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Helton, A. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barclay, J. R.;Briggs, M. A.;Helton, A. M.
预测基流动态、保护水生栖息地和管理遗留污染物需要明确描述和预测整个河流网络的地下水排放模式。使用手持式热红外（TIR）相机，我们调查了横跨法明顿河流域（1，570 km（2）; CT和MA，美国）的47 km河流长度，根据其热特征绘制了河岸和水线地下水排放的位置。使用观测到的地下水排放位置和预测的地下水排放率从6个变化的地下水流数值模型（MODFLOW-NWT），我们比较1）预测的地下水排放率的地区和没有观测到的地下水排放，2）观测和预测的地下水排放位置的空间格局，和3）密度的观测地下水排放位置与预测的排放率。六个模型中的五个合理地预测了沿五阶主干沿着排放位置的空间格局，但较少的模型预测地下水排放模式在较小的流。我们的研究结果突出了1）使用TIR观测来评估地下水模型的可行性，2）影响流量预测精度的模型参数（河床沉积物和基岩导水率和河流-含水层连接），以及3）改进地下水流量模式建模的当前优势和未来机会。
Predicting baseflow dynamics, protecting aquatic habitat, and managing legacy contaminants requires explicit characterization and prediction of groundwater discharge patterns throughout river networks. Using handheld thermal infrared (TIR) cameras, we surveyed 47 km of stream length across the Farmington River watershed (1,570 km(2); CT and MA, USA), mapping locations of bank and waterline groundwater discharges based on their thermal signature. Using the observed groundwater discharge locations and predicted groundwater discharge rates from 6 variations of a numerical groundwater-flow model (MODFLOW-NWT), we compared 1) predicted groundwater-discharge rates in areas with and without observed groundwater discharge, 2) spatial patterns of observed and predicted groundwater discharge locations, and 3) density of observed groundwater discharge locations with predicted discharge rates. Five of six models reasonably predicted the spatial patterns of discharge locations along the 5th order mainstem, but fewer models predicted groundwater discharge patterns in smaller streams. Our results highlight 1) the feasibility of using TIR observations to evaluate groundwater models, 2) model parameters that influence discharge prediction accuracy (riverbed sediment and bedrock hydraulic conductivity and river-aquifer connections), and 3) current strengths and future opportunities for improved modeling of groundwater-discharge patterns.