Primordial black hole dark matter in the context of extra dimensions
Primordial black hole dark matter in the context of extra dimensions
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.105.103508
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发表时间：
2022-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Avi Friedlander;K. Mack;Sarah Schon;N. Song;A. Vincent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Avi Friedlander;K. Mack;Sarah Schon;N. Song;A. Vincent
大额外维度（LED）理论如Arkani-Hamed，Dimopoulos&Dvali方案预测了一个接近TeV尺度的“真正的“普朗克尺度$M_\星星$，而观测到的$M_{pl}$是由于紧凑额外维度的几何效应。这些理论允许在早期宇宙中产生原始黑洞（PBH），从高温等离子体中黑洞的碰撞形成和随后的吸积，导致一种新的冷暗物质（子）成分。由于它们存在于更高维的空间中，质量、半径和温度之间的通常关系被修改，导致它们相对于四维对应物的不同行为。在这里，我们推导出宇宙学的创造和演化的PBH候选人，包括灰体的因素描述其蒸发，并获得限制LED PBH蒸发产物的直接观察，对大爆炸核合成的影响，和宇宙微波背景角功率谱。我们的极限涵盖了2到6个额外维度的场景，PBH的质量范围从10到10 ^{21}$ g。我们发现，对于两个额外的维度，LED PBH代表了一个可行的暗物质候选者，其可能的黑洞质量范围在10 ^{17}$和10 ^{23}$ g之间，具体取决于普朗克尺度和再加热温度。对于$M_\星星= 10$ TeV，这对应于质量为$M \simeq 10^{21}$ g的PBH暗物质，不受当前观测的约束。我们进一步完善和更新“普通”四维黑洞的约束。
Theories of large extra dimensions (LEDs) such as the Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos&Dvali scenario predict a"true"Planck scale $M_\star$ near the TeV scale, while the observed $M_{pl}$ is due to the geometric effect of compact extra dimensions. These theories allow for the creation of primordial black holes (PBHs) in the early Universe, from the collisional formation and subsequent accretion of black holes in the high-temperature plasma, leading to a novel cold dark matter (sub)component. Because of their existence in a higher-dimensional space, the usual relationship between mass, radius and temperature is modified, leading to distinct behaviour with respect to their 4-dimensional counterparts. Here, we derive the cosmological creation and evolution of such PBH candidates, including the greybody factors describing their evaporation, and obtain limits on LED PBHs from direct observation of evaporation products, effects on big bang nucleosynthesis, and the cosmic microwave background angular power spectrum. Our limits cover scenarios of 2 to 6 extra dimensions, and PBH masses ranging from 10 to $10^{21}$ g. We find that for two extra dimensions, LED PBHs represent a viable dark matter candidate with a range of possible black hole masses between $10^{17}$ and $10^{23}$ g depending on the Planck scale and reheating temperature. For $M_\star = 10$ TeV, this corresponds to PBH dark matter with a mass of $M \simeq 10^{21}$ g, unconstrained by current observations. We further refine and update constraints on"ordinary"four-dimension black holes.