Prevalence of mental disorders in the Zurich Cohort Study:: a twenty year prospective study
Prevalence of mental disorders in the Zurich Cohort Study:: a twenty year prospective study
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DOI：
10.1017/s1121189x00006278
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Merikangas, KR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Angst, J;Gamma, A;Merikangas, KR
背景--为了在评估一般人群中精神障碍患病率时尽量减少回顾性回忆，我们对瑞士苏黎世的一组青年进行了前瞻性研究。方法-一项为期20年的前瞻性研究，年龄在19-20岁之间，来自瑞士苏黎世。通过症状自评量表90 R（Derogatis，1977）得分高的受试者丰富样本。由临床经验丰富的心理学家和精神病学家进行半结构化诊断访谈。1979年至1999年的6次访谈评估了过去12个月主要诊断类别（精神分裂症除外）的诊断和阈下表现，具体取决于当前DSM版本（DSM-III，DSM-III R，DSM-IV）。在访谈之间的几年里收集了有关症状和治疗的其他信息。报告的患病率经过分层抽样加权，并将六次访谈的一年患病率累积。结果：任何精神疾病的累积加权患病率为48.6%，不包括烟草依赖，57.7%，包括烟草依赖。此外，分别有29.2%和21.8%的患者出现亚诊断综合征。总体而言，没有显著的性别差异。诊断受试者的相应治疗患病率分别为22.4%和31.1%，亚诊断组分别为6.9%和6.1%。总治疗率为37.2%（男性30.0%，女性44.1%）。结论-我们的研究结果表明，精神疾病是相当普遍的，在一般人群。当考虑精神障碍的范围时，近四分之三的一般人口在其一生中至少表现出一种精神障碍。局限性-数据基于相对较小的样本;单一年龄队列，研究在瑞士苏黎世进行。这些研究特征可能会降低结果的普遍性。
Background - In order to minimise retrospective recall in developing estimates of the prevalence of mental disorders in the general population, we conducted a prospective study of a cohort of youth from Zurich, Switzerland. Method - A 20 year prospective study of a community-based cohort aged 19-20 from Zurich Switzerland. The sample was enriched by subjects scoring high on the Symptom Checklist 90 R (Derogatis, 1977). A semi-structured diagnostic interview was administered by clinically experienced psychologists and psychiatrists. The six interviews from 1979 to 1999 assessed diagnoses and sub-threshold manifestations of major diagnostic categories (with the exception of schizophrenia) for the past twelve months, depending on the current DSM versions (DSM-III, DSM-III R, DSM-IV). Additional information on symptoms and treatment were collected for the years between the interviews. The reported prevalence rates are weighted for stratified sampling and cumulate the one-year rates of the six interviews. Results-The cumulative weighted prevalence rates for any psychiatric disorder were 48.6% excluding, and 57.7% including tobacco dependence. In addition 29.2% and 21.8%, respectively manifested sub-diagnostic syndromes. Overall there were no significant gender differences. The corresponding treatment prevalence rates were 22.4% and 31.1%, respectively for the diagnostic subjects and 6.9% and 6.1%, respectively for the sub-diagnostic groups. The total treatment prevalence rate was 37.2% of the population (males 30.0%, females 44.1%). Conclusions - Our findings reveal that psychiatric disorders are quite common in the general population. When the spectra of mental disorders are considered, nearly three quarters of the general population will have manifested at least one of the mental disorders across their lifetime. Limitations - The data are based on a relatively small sample; a single age cohort, and the study was conducted in Zurich, Switzerland. These study features may diminish the generalisability of the findings.