Multiple Forms of Learning Yield Temporally Distinct Electrophysiological Repetition Effects
Multiple Forms of Learning Yield Temporally Distinct Electrophysiological Repetition Effects
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhp233
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发表时间：
2010-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wagner, Anthony D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Race, Elizabeth A.;Badre, David;Wagner, Anthony D.
先前对刺激的经验导致多种形式的学习，促进随后的行为（重复启动）和神经处理（重复抑制）。学习可以发生在刺激特定特征（刺激学习），刺激和选择决策之间的关联（刺激决策学习）以及刺激和选择反应之间的关联（刺激反应学习）。虽然最近的功能磁共振成像结果表明，这些不同形式的学习与重复抑制（神经启动）在额叶和颞叶皮层的分离区域，一个关键的问题是如何这些不同形式的学习影响皮层反应动力学。在这里，脑电图（EEG）测量了当参与者对新的和重复的刺激进行分类时神经反应的时间结构，使用了一种隔离不同学习水平影响的设计。事件相关电位和频谱EEG分析显示，由于刺激，刺激决策，刺激反应学习的电生理效应，表现出经验依赖性皮层调制在多个层次的代表性。刺激水平的学习调制皮层动力学的时间处理流相对于刺激决策和刺激反应的学习。这些研究结果表明，重复的刺激处理，包括刺激的映射决策和行动，是受刺激水平和联想学习机制，产生多种形式的经验依赖性皮层可塑性。
Prior experience with a stimulus leads to multiple forms of learning that facilitate subsequent behavior (repetition priming) and neural processing (repetition suppression). Learning can occur at the level of stimulus-specific features (stimulus learning), associations between stimuli and selected decisions (stimulus-decision learning), and associations between stimuli and selected responses (stimulus-response learning). Although recent functional magnetic resonance imaging results suggest that these distinct forms of learning are associated with repetition suppression (neural priming) in dissociable regions of frontal and temporal cortex, a critical question is how these different forms of learning influence cortical response dynamics. Here, electroencephalography (EEG) measured the temporal structure of neural responses when participants classified novel and repeated stimuli, using a design that isolated the effects of distinct levels of learning. Event-related potential and spectral EEG analyses revealed electrophysiological effects due to stimulus, stimulus-decision, and stimulus-response learning, demonstrating experience-dependent cortical modulation at multiple levels of representation. Stimulus-level learning modulated cortical dynamics earlier in the temporal-processing stream relative to stimulus-decision and stimulus-response learning. These findings indicate that repeated stimulus processing, including the mapping of stimuli to decisions and actions, is influenced by stimulus-level and associative learning mechanisms that yield multiple forms of experience-dependent cortical plasticity.