Stable fighting strategies to maintain social ranks in captive male Alpine musk deer (Moschus sifanicus)
Stable fighting strategies to maintain social ranks in captive male Alpine musk deer (Moschus sifanicus)
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圈养雄性高山麝（Moschus sifanicus）维持社会等级的稳定战斗策略
DOI：
10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.01007.x
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Xiang, Leilei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meng, Xiuxiang;Cody, Nicholas;Xiang, Leilei
本研究于2008年7月至9月在中国的兴隆山马鹿养殖场进行。结果表明，圈养雄性麝具攻击性优势行为，并据此建立了稳定的社会等级。一般来说，在男性之间的激励性互动中，存在三种类型的攻击行为：攻击型、移位型和威胁型。威胁比移位和攻击更常被观察到。当与其他鹿发生冲突时，高等级雄鹿表现出明显的攻击性而不是移位和威胁性。此外，低等级和中等等级的雄性个体没有发生攻击，但这些个体发起的威胁性表现明显高于高等级个体。在不同社会等级的麝群中，中级和低级群体受到的威胁没有显著差异，但针对高等级雄性的攻击显著低于置换和威胁行为。在这些结果的基础上，建议在圈养雄性麝群聚集时，个体的战斗能力和攻击水平应该多样化。特别是，攻击性较强的鹿不应与具有类似倾向的鹿圈养，而应与战斗水平较低的个体圈养。这应该会维持圈养麝群内稳定的社会结构，并改善圈养麝群的整体福利。
This study was conducted at the Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm of China from July to September 2008. Results showed that captive male musk deer exhibit aggressive dominance behavior, by which a stable social ranking is established. Generally, there were three types of aggression in agonistic interactions among males: attacking, displacing and threatening. Threatening was more frequently observed than displacing and attacking. When in conflict with other deer, high-rank males exhibited significantly more attacking than displacing and threatening. Moreover, no attacking occurred in low-rank and middle-rank males, but these individuals initiated significantly more threatening displays than high-rank individuals. Among musk deer groups with different social ranks, there were no significant differences between threats received by middle-rank and low-rank groups, but attacks directed to high-rank males was significantly lower than displacing and threatening behaviors. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that when a captive male musk deer population is assembled, individuals should be diversified in fighting ability and level of aggression. In particular, deer with higher aggression should not be enclosed with deer with similar tendencies, but should be enclosed with individuals with lower fighting levels. This should maintain stable social structures within captive musk deer groups and improve the overall welfare of captive musk deer.