Taking the pulse of volcanic eruptions using plagioclase glomerocrysts

Taking the pulse of volcanic eruptions using plagioclase glomerocrysts
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使用斜长石球晶把握火山喷发的脉搏

DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116596
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
McCarthy A
McCarthy A
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
McCarthy A

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次火山系统的结晶时间尺度和上升的岩浆与气体之间相互作用的结果在很大程度上仍然是不受限制的,这些过程与不活跃的火山的监测信号之间的联系也是如此。我们应用扩散计时法对托尔巴切克火山(俄罗斯堪察加半岛)肾球晶体中的径向斜长石和伴生橄榄石进行了研究,以阐明这一过程。我们发现厘米大小的肾小球囊肿在爆发前或期间的几天内生长。这些肾小球囊的熔体包裹体在结晶过程中没有显示出成分的变化,表明其生长在富含熔体的动态环境中。熔融包裹体中挥发性元素表现出显著的变异性,随co2的增加而减少。这种行为与正常的脱气过程不一致,更可能反映了二氧化碳的通量。根据肾小球囊的短暂停留时间尺度和熔融包裹体挥发性丰度的急剧变化,我们认为快速(前)喷发结晶受岩浆H2O和co2通过次火山导管的节律性流动控制。这表明斜长石的成分分带,从吸收结构到振荡分带,记录了短期的CO2和h2o通量事件,与斯特隆波利火山喷发动力学一致。我们认为火山肾小球是浅埋岩体中垂直火成岩分层(或梳状分层)的对应物。以径向斜长石为主导的岩浆层状和肾小球为次火山系统的短期结晶和脱气过程提供了新的途径。
Crystallization timescales in subvolcanic systems and the consequences of interaction between ascending magmas and gases remain largely unconstrained, as do links between these processes and monitoring signals at restless volcanoes. We apply diffusion chronometry to radially-oriented plagioclase and associated olivine in a glomerocryst from Tolbachik volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) to elucidate such processes. We show that cm-size glomerocrysts grow in a few days prior to, or during, eruption. Melt inclusions from these glomerocrysts show no compositional evolution during crystallization, implying growth in a melt-rich and dynamic environment. Volatile elements in melt inclusions show significant variability, with increasing CO2as H2O decreases. This behaviour is inconsistent with normal degassing processes, and more likely reflects CO2-fluxing. On the basis of short residence timescales of glomerocrysts and sharp changes in melt inclusion volatile abundances, we propose that rapid (pre-)eruptive crystallization is controlled by rhythmic fluxing of magmatic H2O and CO2through the sub-volcanic conduit. This implies that compositional zoning in plagioclase, from resorption textures to oscillatory zoning, record short-term CO2- and H2O-fluxing episodes, consistent with strombolian eruption dynamics. We propose that volcanic glomerocrysts represent the counterpart of vertical igneous layering (or comb layering) in shallow plutons. Magmatic layering and glomerocrysts dominated by radial plagioclase offer novel ways of targeting short-term crystallization and degassing processes in subvolcanic systems.
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