Phytosociology of Hulunbeier grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia, China
Phytosociology of Hulunbeier grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia, China
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内蒙古呼伦贝尔草原植被的植物社会学
DOI：
10.1127/0340-269x/2013/0043-0540
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发表时间：
2013-06
期刊：
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Toru NAKAMURA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wuyunna;Takashi KAMIJO;Mitsuru TSUBO;Toru NAKAMURA
本研究首次对呼伦贝尔草原的植物群落进行了详细的植物社会学描述。利用植物社会学方法，在呼伦贝尔草原东西轴线上，对横跨300 km的6个区域的109个样地进行了植被数据采集。结果表明，该区主要植物群落有5个：白芒婆婆纳-贝加尔针茅（Veronicoincanae-Stipetumbaicalensis）草甸草原、大麻-Sphallerocarpetumgracilis的杂草植被、Pooattenuatae-Stipetumgrandis草原、多根葱属（Alliumpolyrhizum）群落的重度放牧草原和乌拉尔甘草-芨芨草（Acrhizouralensis-Achnatherumsplendens）。Poo attenuatae-Stipetum grandis可分为两个亚群：无茎委陵菜亚群丛和小叶锦鸡儿亚群丛。群落的排序表现出较强的梯度，从干燥的西部草原到湿润的东部草原。与20年前相比，该区系的地带性成分发生了明显的变化。krylovii对耐盐A. polyrhizum和A.使其成为主导。水源地附近群落的物种丰富度低于草原区典型群落，说明存在着过度放牧和践踏。物种丰富度较低，在废弃的领域比在邻近的未开垦的网站。这些结果表明，放牧压力和耕作都改变了该地区的植物区系组成，降低了物种丰富度。
The present study provides the first detailed phytosociological description of the plant communities of Hulunbeier grassland, the easternmost part of the Eurasian steppe. Using phytosociological methods, vegetation data were collected from 109 plots in six areas spanning 300 km and covering a large proportion of the east-west axis of Hulunbeier steppe. Five main phytosociological plant communities were identified: meadow steppe of Veronico incanae-Stipetum baicalensis, ruderal vegetation of Cannabi-Sphallerocarpetum gracilis, steppe of Poo attenuatae-Stipetum grandis, heavily grazed steppe of Allium polyrhizum community, and Glycyrrhizo uralensis-Achnatherum splendens. The Poo attenuatae-Stipetum grandis was divided into two subunits: a Potentilla acaulis subassociation and a Caragana microphylla subassociation. The ordination of the communities showed a strong gradient from the drier western steppe to the wetter eastern steppe. Compared with 20 years ago, the zonal floristic composition had drastically changed from S. krylovii being dominant to the salt-tolerant A. polyrhizum and A. splendens becoming dominant. Species richness was lower in the communities nearby water sources suggesting intensive grazing and tramping than in the typical community of the steppe zone. Species richness was lower in the abandoned fields than in adjacent uncultivated sites. These results suggest that both grazing pressure and cultivation had changed the floristic composition and decreased the species richness in the area.