Economic aspects of foot and mouth disease: perspectives of a free country, Australia
Economic aspects of foot and mouth disease: perspectives of a free country, Australia
复制标题
DOI：
10.20506/rst.21.3.1357
复制
发表时间：
2002-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Murray, JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garner, MG;Fisher, BS;Murray, JG
澳大利亚是一个重要的牲畜生产国，也是牲畜、牲畜产品和牲畜遗传物质的主要出口国。口蹄疫（FMD）的爆发将对经济产生严重的经济后果。最近的一项研究发现，在持续6个月的疫情中，澳大利亚的真实的国内生产总值估计将下降0.6%（35亿澳元），就业率下降0.8%，第一年汇率将贬值3%。这种影响很大程度上是由于出口市场的丧失。鉴于口蹄疫爆发的严重后果，澳大利亚在预防和规划方面投入了大量资源。这些措施可分为三个层次，即：边界前、边界和边界后。澳洲最近进一步加强边境检疫，以减低口蹄疫传入的风险。但是，无论投入多少，都不能保证口蹄疫不会进入国内。因此，还必须确保制定全面的应急计划。最近在以前没有口蹄疫的国家爆发的疫情表明，口蹄疫的大规模爆发给一个国家的动物卫生服务带来了重大问题，需要政府和行业联合应对。
Australia is a significant livestock producer and a major exporter of livestock, livestock products and livestock genetic material. An outbreak of foot and mouth disease (FMD) would have severe economic consequences on the economy. A recent study found that in an outbreak lasting six months, real gross domestic product in Australia would fall by an estimated 0.6% (AUS$3.5 billion), employment by 0.8%, and a depreciation of 3% would be recorded in the exchange rate in the first year. Much of this impact would be due to the loss of export markets. Given the significant consequences of an outbreak of FMD, Australia invests considerable resources in prevention and planning. These measures can be viewed at three levels, namely: pre-border, border and post-border. Australia recently further enhanced quarantine at the border to minimise the risk of entry of FMD. However, no matter how much is invested, there is no guarantee that FMD will not enter the country. Accordingly, it is important to ensure that comprehensive contingency plans are also in place. Recent outbreaks in previously free countries have shown that a large outbreak of FMD poses major problems for the animal health services of a country and a combined government and industry response is required.