MicroRNAs, an active and versatile group in cancers.
MicroRNAs, an active and versatile group in cancers.
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microRNA，一个在癌症中活跃且多才多艺的群体
DOI：
10.4248/ijos11063
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发表时间：
2011-10
影响因子：
14.9
通讯作者：
Yang Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu J;Zheng M;Tang YL;Liang XH;Yang Q
MicroRNAs(MiRNAs)是一类非编码RNA，其功能是RNA干扰途径的内源性触发器。研究表明，数以千计的人类蛋白质编码基因受到miRNAs的调控，这表明miRNAs是许多重要生物学过程的主要调节者，例如癌症的发生。MiRNAs经常在多种类型的人类癌症中表达失控，并在肿瘤的发生中发挥关键作用，其功能既可以是肿瘤抑制因子，也可以是癌基因。最近的研究表明，miRNAs与肿瘤的发生、生长、凋亡、侵袭和转移密切相关。此外，miRNAs被证明与癌症相关的炎症、抗癌药物耐药性和癌症干细胞的调节有关。因此，miRNAs作为一种新的肿瘤诊断和治疗策略引起了人们极大的兴趣。在这里，我们综述了miRNAs在癌症中的多种作用，以及它们作为生物标志物在诊断、预后和治疗方面的潜在应用。
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that function as endogenous triggers of the RNA interference pathway. Studies have shown that thousands of human protein-coding genes are regulated by miRNAs, indicating that miRNAs are master regulators of many important biological processes, such as cancer development. miRNAs frequently have deregulated expression in many types of human cancers, and play critical roles in tumorigenesis, which functions either as tumor suppressors or as oncogenes. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs are highly related with cancer progression, including initiating, growth, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, miRNAs are shown to be responsible for the cancer-related inflammation, anti-cancer drug resistance, and regulation of cancer stem cells. Therefore, miRNAs have generated great interest as a novel strategy in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Here we review the versatile roles of miRNAs in cancers and their potential applications for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment as biomarkers.