Copy number variation of chromosome 5A and its association with Q gene expression, morphological aberrations, and agronomic performance of winter wheat cultivars
Copy number variation of chromosome 5A and its association with Q gene expression, morphological aberrations, and agronomic performance of winter wheat cultivars
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DOI：
10.1007/s00122-013-2192-8
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Pillen, Klaus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foerster, Sebastian;Schumann, Erika;Pillen, Klaus
我们的研究结合了与相对 5A Q 基因表达相关的 5A 染色体拷贝数变异以及形态学和农艺数据，以表征冬小麦品种中类拼写植物的发生。小麦育种中类拼写异常的发生是一个严重的问题，可能导致候选品种在许可期间被拒绝。矛状坚硬的脱粒穗是由位于小麦 5A 染色体长臂上的驯化基因 Q 的拷贝数减少引起的。作为 APETALA2 样转录因子家族的成员，5AQ 基因参与花发育并多效性控制其他农艺性状。在本报告中，给出了 5A 染色体不稳定性的特征，并讨论了由于 Q 基因和其他基因丢失而产生的影响。基于焦磷酸测序，我们正确预测了 402 个测试的后代植物中的 392 个 (97.5%) 的 5AQ 拷贝数，这些后代植物源自 11 个小麦品种的单一斯佩尔特类植物。研究结果表明，所得的类拼写植物要么5A染色体拷贝数减少，要么5AL染色体臂远端部分缺失。 5AQ 特异性实时 PCR 分析揭示了品种间转录水平的差异。在穗发育早期，斯佩尔特类小麦中 5AQ 基因的相对转录始终低于正常方头小麦植株，这很可能导致特征性斯佩尔特类穗表型的出现。对 18 个农艺性状的平行分析揭示了位于 5A 上的基因控制的多效性效应。我们的结果表明，通过焦磷酸测序，可以识别 5A 染色体内的非整倍性或缺失，以防止小麦幼苗中出现类斯佩尔特植物。
Our investigations combine chromosome 5A copy number variation associated with relative 5A Q gene expression and morphological and agronomic data to characterize the occurrence of speltoid plants in winter wheat cultivars.The occurrence of speltoid aberrants in wheat breeding is a serious problem that may result in rejection of a candidate cultivar during licensing. The spear-shaped, hard threshing spike is caused by copy number reduction of the domestication gene Q, located on the long arm of wheat chromosome 5A. As a member of the APETALA2-like transcription factor family, the 5AQ gene is involved in flower development and pleiotropically controls other agronomic traits. In this report, a characterization of instability of chromosome 5A is given and effects due to the loss of the Q gene and other genes are discussed. Based on pyrosequencing, we correctly predicted the 5AQ copy number for 392 of 402 tested offspring plants (97.5 %) originating from single speltoid plants of eleven wheat cultivars. The findings indicate that the resulting speltoid plants were either reduced in chromosome 5A copy number or possessed a partial deletion of the distal end of chromosome arm 5AL. 5AQ specific real-time PCR analysis revealed varying transcription levels among cultivars. During early spike development, the relative transcription of the 5AQ gene was always lower in speltoids than in normal square headed wheat plants, most likely leading to the occurrence of the characteristic speltoid spike phenotype. The parallel analysis of 18 agronomic traits revealed pleiotropic effects governed by genes located on 5A. Our results demonstrate that through pyrosequencing one can identify aneuploidy or deletions within chromosome 5A to select against the occurrence of speltoid plants in wheat seedlings.