Novel SCN1A frameshift mutation with absence of truncated Nav1.1 protein in severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy.

Novel SCN1A frameshift mutation with absence of truncated Nav1.1 protein in severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy.
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DOI:
10.1002/ajmg.a.32448
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发表时间:
2008-09-15
影响因子:
2
通讯作者:
George, Alfred L., Jr.
George, Alfred L., Jr.
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
McArdle, Erin J.;Kunic, Jennifer D.;George, Alfred L., Jr.

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婴儿严重肌阵挛性癫痫(SMEI)或Dravet综合征(OMIM 607208)是一种严重的癫痫性脑病,在生命的第一年内发作,伴有毁灭性的神经系统后遗症[Dravet等人,1992; Wolff等人,2006年]。通常,SMEI出现在婴儿期,伴有热性惊厥,通常随后是长时间的药物难治性癫痫,并伴有反复发作的癫痫持续状态。患者表现出早期发育迟缓、进行性认知障碍和共济失调。大多数报告的病例是散发的,但可能存在癫痫发作的家族史[Kimura et al.,2005]. SMEI与编码脑电压门控钠通道NaV 1的SCN 1A中的大量(> 150)主要新生突变相关。1 [Meisler和Kearney,2005; Mulley等人,2005年]。报道的与SMEI相关的SCN 1A等位基因中约有一半通过无义突变或移码突变引起蛋白质截短。此外,体外研究的大部分错义突变赋予通道蛋白功能丧失表型[Ohmori et al.,2006;罗兹等人,2004; Sugawara等人,2003年]。这些发现表明单倍不足是解释该疾病的合理机制,并且该想法与对于无效或截短的Scn 1a等位基因杂合的小鼠表现出严重癫痫发作表型的观察结果一致[Ogiwara et al.,2007; Yu等人,2006年]。
Severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI) or Dravet syndrome (OMIM 607208) is a severe epileptic encephalopathy with onset during the first year of life with devastating neurological sequelae [Dravet et al., 1992; Wolff et al., 2006]. Typically, SMEI presents during infancy with febrile seizures often followed by a prolonged period of drug-refractory epilepsy with repeated bouts of status epilepticus. Patients exhibit early developmental delays, progressive cognitive impairment and often ataxia. Most reported cases are sporadic but a family history of seizures may be present [Kimura et al., 2005].SMEI has been associated with a large number (> 150) of predominantly de novo mutations in SCN1A encoding the brain voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1. 1 [Meisler and Kearney, 2005; Mulley et al., 2005]. Approximately half of reported SCN1A alleles associated with SMEI cause protein truncation either by nonsense or frameshift mutation. Further, a large proportion of missense mutations studied in vitro confer a loss-of-function phenotype to the channel protein [Ohmori et al., 2006; Rhodes et al., 2004; Sugawara et al., 2003]. These findings suggest that haploinsufficiency is a plausible mechanism to explain the disease and this idea is consistent with the observations that mice heterozygous for either a null or truncated Scn1a allele exhibit a severe seizure phenotype [Ogiwara et al., 2007; Yu et al., 2006].
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