Spatial Signatures - Understanding (urban) spaces through form and function
Spatial Signatures - Understanding (urban) spaces through form and function
复制标题
空间特征 - 通过形式和功能理解（城市）空间
DOI：
10.1016/j.habitatint.2022.102641
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Arribas-Bel D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arribas-Bel D
本文提出了空间标志的概念，作为一种基于形式和功能的空间特征，旨在了解城市环境。城市不同组成部分的空间配置至少有两个主要原因。一方面，它编码了最初创造这种安排的现象的许多方面。另一方面，这种城市形态和功能的安排一旦到位，就会支撑从经济生产力到环境可持续性等许多成果。我们的方法分为三个主要阶段。首先，我们提出了一个新的空间单位-封闭镶嵌（ET）细胞-划定空间的方式是详尽的，并匹配的基本过程中，城市形态和功能的运作。其次，我们建议附加大量的各种形式和功能为基础的字符ET细胞来描述这些单位。第三，为了构建空间特征，可以使用无监督学习技术对ET细胞的信息进行聚类。这一过程导致了一个以理论为基础，以数据为驱动的空间类型学，它遵循形式和功能。我们展示了灵活的方法，以各种数据景观和文化背景，提供五个插图的空间签名五大洲的五个城市。这些展示展示了成功区分在不同时间点和不同技术制度下建造的城市区域的能力，但也突出了对世界不同地区城市结构性质的更广泛比较。我们的贡献在于利用现代数据，技术和方法，提出一个详细的，一致的和可扩展的方法，描述城市的形式和功能。空间签名可用于跨学科，并由各种实践者和政策制定者支持可持续发展目标等倡议。
This paper presents the notion of spatial signatures as a characterisation of space based on form and function designed to understand urban environments. The spatial configuration of the dif-ferent components of cities is relevant for at least two main reasons. On the one hand, it encodes many aspects of the phenomena that created such an arrangement in the first place. On the other, once in place, this arrangement of urban form and function underpins many outcomes, from economic productivity to environmental sustainability. Our approach unfolds in three main stages. First, we propose a new spatial unit –the Enclosed Tessellation (ET) cell– to delineate space in a way that is exhaustive and matches the underlying processes at which urban form and function operate. Second, we propose to attach a large variety of form and function-based characters to ET cells to describe each of these units. Third, to build spatial signatures, information on ET cells can be clustered using unsupervised learning techniques. This process results in a theory-informed, data-driven typology of space that follows form and function. We demonstrate the flexibility of the approach to a variety of data landscapes and cultural backgrounds by providing five illustrations of spatial signatures for five cities across five continents. These showcases demonstrate the ability to successfully differentiate areas of a city that were built at different points in time and under different technological regimes, but also highlight broader comparisons about the nature of urban fabric in different regions of the world. Our contribution resides in leveraging modern data, tech-nology and methods to propose a detailed, consistent and scalable methodology that characterises urban form and function. The spatial signatures can be used across academic disciplines and by a variety of practitioners and policymakers supporting initiatives such as the Sustainable Development Goals.