The effect of temperature during the reproductive period on development of reproductive organs and the occurrence of delayed stem senescence in soybean.
The effect of temperature during the reproductive period on development of reproductive organs and the occurrence of delayed stem senescence in soybean.
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DOI：
10.1626/jcs.74.339
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Horie, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mochizuki, A.;Shiraiwa, T.;Horie, T.
高温抑制生殖器官的生长可能与大豆延迟茎衰老的发生有关。在日本的温度梯度室（TGC）和相邻的领域中种植六个大豆品种。测定了单株产量构成因素和DSS程度。当所有品种都进入开花期时，在TGC中建立了四个温度图（T1-T4，平均温度为23.1 - 25.8°C）。T4处理每小花完整粒数、单粒完整粒重和种子产量分别比T1处理低13%、10%和17%。温度对DSS的发生影响不明显。将每个栽培品种的所有测量值合并，并将每个栽培品种的个体植物分为DSS组和非DSS组。多数品种的总小花数、结荚率、每荚粒数和结实率的平均值与非DSS组相近，但主茎长、地上干重和种子产量DSS组比非DSS组高15 ~ 28%。因此，生殖期温度升高几度，可抑制大豆库器官的发育，但这可能不是大豆DSS发生的主要原因。
Inhibition of growth of reproductive organs by high temperature may be involved in the occurrence of delayed stem senescence (DSS) of soyabean. Six soyabean cultivars were grown in temperature gradient chambers (TGC) and in an adjacent field in Japan. Yield components and degree of DSS were measured for individual plants. Four temperature plots (T1-T4 with mean temperatures from 23.1 to 25.8°C) were established in the TGC when all cultivars reached the flowering stage. The number of perfect kernels per floret, single perfect kernel weight and seed yield were 13, 10 and 17% lower, respectively, in T4 than in T1. However, the effect of temperature on the occurrence of DSS was not evident. All the measurement values for each cultivar were pooled and individual plants of each cultivar were classified into DSS and non-DSS groups. The mean values of the total floret number, pod set ratio, seed number per pod and perfect seed ratio were similar between the plants in DSS and non-DSS groups in most cultivars, but the length of main stem, aboveground dry weight and seed yield were 15 to 28% greater in DSS than in non-DSS group. In conclusion, the temperature a few degrees higher than usual during the reproductive period can inhibit development of sink organs but this may not be the primary cause of the occurrence of DSS in soyabean.