Emission characteristics and exposure assessment of particulate matter and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) from waste printed circuit boards de-soldering.
Emission characteristics and exposure assessment of particulate matter and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) from waste printed circuit boards de-soldering.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.176
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发表时间：
2019-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jie Guo;Ang Ji;Jianbo Wang;O. Ogunseitan;Zhenming Xu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jie Guo;Ang Ji;Jianbo Wang;O. Ogunseitan;Zhenming Xu
从废弃印刷电路板（WPCB）中去除电子元件的加热过程是电子废物回收链中的重要步骤，并且在去焊接过程中产生有毒烟雾，造成环境污染并对工人构成健康风险。本研究的目的是表征排放和沉积通量的可吸入颗粒物（PM），并评估工人的接触颗粒结合的多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）。采用低压冲击器对WPCB脱焊过程中烟罩内外的PM浓度进行了实时测量。结果表明，油烟机内的PM质量浓度（204 mg/m3）显著高于油烟机外的PM质量浓度（9.4 mg/m3），油烟机对PM的去除率为95.4%。根据国际放射防护委员会的模型，PM在头部气道区、气管支气管区和肺泡区的总沉积通量分别为1930、74.0和123 μg/h。头气道中粗颗粒物（2.5 ~ 10 μm）的沉降通量最大（1830 μg/h），占呼吸系统中PM沉降总量的86.1%。多氯联苯焊接车间内PM10中的∑ 8 PBDEs浓度为20，300 pg/m3，工人的∑ 8 PBDEs吸入暴露量为1.46 ng/kg/d。本研究有助于了解焊后印刷电路板脱焊过程中颗粒物的排放机理，为焊后印刷电路板的健康评估提供基础数据。
Heating processes for the removal of electronic components from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) is an important step in the chain of electronic waste recycling, and toxic fumes are generated during the de-soldering process, causing environmental pollution and posing health risks for the workers. This study is aimed to characterize emission and deposition fluxes of respirable particulate matter (PM), and assess exposure of workers to particle-bound polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). An electrical low-pressure impactor was used to measure the real-time PM concentrations inside and outside the hood during the WPCBs de-soldering process. The results show that PM mass concentration inside the hood (204 mg/m3) was significantly higher than outside the hood (9.4 mg/m3), representing 95.4% PM removal by the hood. According to the International Commission on Radiological Protection model, the total deposition fluxes of PM in head airways region, tracheobronchial region, and alveolar region were determined as 1930, 74.0, and 123 μg/h, respectively. The deposition flux for coarse particles (2.5–10 μm) in the head airways was the largest (1830 μg/h), accounting for 86.1% of total PM deposited in respiratory system. The ∑8PBDEs concentration in PM10inside the WPCBs de-soldering workshop was 20,300 pg/m3, and the ∑8PBDEs inhalation exposure for the worker was 1.46 ng/kg/day. This study improves understanding of PM emission mechanisms and provides fundamental data for health assessments during WPCBs de-soldering process.