Quarantine, isolation and the duty of easy rescue in public health.
Quarantine, isolation and the duty of easy rescue in public health.
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DOI：
10.1111/dewb.12165
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发表时间：
2018-06
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Savulescu J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giubilini A;Douglas T;Maslen H;Savulescu J
我们讨论检疫和隔离在道义上是否合理、为何以及在什么条件下合理的问题，特别关注在发展中国家实施的措施。我们认为，检疫和隔离的好处证明了国家某种程度的强制或强制是合理的，但国家应该能够为实施此类措施提供最有力的理由。虽然有限形式的结果主义可能为此类公共卫生干预措施提供理由，但我们认为，国家强制轻松救援原则提供了更强有力的理由：国家可以允许强迫个人从事对他们来说成本很小但对他人有很大好处的活动，因为个人有参与这些活动的轻松救援的道德义务。国家强制易救原则衍生出义务执行要求：国家应创造条件，使服从强制或强制措施成为个人的基本道德义务，即易救义务。当国家能够创造这样的条件时，它就有最有力的理由实施强制或强制措施，因为个人有道德义务暂时放弃这些措施可能侵犯的权利。我们的观点对于如何应对发展中国家的突发公共卫生事件具有重要意义。在需要采取隔离和检疫措施的情况下，国家或国际社会有道义义务为被隔离或隔离的人提供一定的福利。
We address the issue of whether, why and under what conditions, quarantine and isolation are morally justified, with a particular focus on measures implemented in the developing world. We argue that the benefits of quarantine and isolation justify some level of coercion or compulsion by the state, but that the state should be able to provide the strongest justification possible for implementing such measures. While a constrained form of consequentialism might provide a justification for such public health interventions, we argue that a stronger justification is provided by a principle of State Enforced Easy Rescue: a state may permissibly compel individuals to engage in activities that entail a small cost to them but a large benefit to others, because individuals have a moral duty of easy rescue to engage in those activities. The principle of State Enforced Easy Rescue gives rise to an Obligation Enforcement Requirement: the state should create the conditions such that submitting to coercive or compulsive measures becomes a fundamental moral duty of individuals, i.e. a duty of easy rescue. When the state can create such conditions, it has the strongest justification possible for implementing coercive or compulsive measures, because individuals have a moral duty to temporarily relinquish the rights that such measures would infringe. Our argument has significant implications for how public health emergencies in the developing world should be tackled. Where isolation and quarantine measures are necessary, states or the international community have a moral obligation to provide certain benefits to those quarantined or isolated.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Calain, Philippe;Poncin, Marc
通讯作者：
Poncin, Marc
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Barbera, J;Macintyre, A;Layton, M
通讯作者：
Layton, M
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Bensimon, Cecile M;Upshur, Ross E G
通讯作者：
Upshur, Ross E G
DOI：
10.1080/13623690600772501
发表时间：
2006-07-01
期刊：
Medicine, conflict, and survival
影响因子：
--
作者：
Feldbaum, Harley;Patel, Preeti;Lee, Kelley
通讯作者：
Lee, Kelley
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1508814112
发表时间：
2015-11-17
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Kucharski, Adam J.;Camacho, Anton;Funk, Sebastian
通讯作者：
Funk, Sebastian