Projecting global land use-driven evolutionary history loss
Projecting global land use-driven evolutionary history loss
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DOI：
10.1111/ddi.12677
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Mooers, Arne O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chaudhary, Abhishek;Pourfaraj, Vahab;Mooers, Arne O.
目的：最近的研究已经绘制了全球热点托管高系统发育多样性（PD），但没有这种多样性受到威胁的地区，由于人类的土地利用。这是因为，到目前为止，还不清楚有多少PD是失去了一个给定的分类单元的物种灭绝。本研究的目的是确定在不久的将来，由于人类土地利用，预计将遭受最高PD损失的全球区域。我们展示了一种新的方法，结合农村物种-面积关系，种特异性进化差异（艾德）分数和新推导出的强线性关系之间的累积艾德损失和PD损失通过修剪模拟的全球进化树，哺乳动物，鸟类和两栖动物在随机物种损失，以预测全球土地利用驱动的系统发育多样性损失在804个陆地生态区和175个国家。我们还将预测的PD损失分配到不同的土地利用类型（农业、林业、放牧或城市化），以查明主要驱动力。结果：对于这三个分类群的组合，我们预测由于所有国家的所有土地利用，总共损失了94.72亿年的进化历史：1,541 MY的哺乳动物PD处于危险之中，3,336 MY的鸟类PD和4,595 MY的两栖动物PD。农业造成1，579 MY的损失;牧场1990 MY，林业5，381和城市化522。印度尼西亚，哥伦比亚，印度，巴布亚新几内亚，马达加斯加和菲律宾的土地利用预计将导致最大的PD损失。主要结论：通过综合的方法，我们现在可以项目PD损失与物种保护下替代土地转换方案在一个地区。总体而言，热点和土地使用驱动因素的结果可以为各国制定区域战略以实现国际生物多样性和可持续性目标提供参考。
Aim: Recent studies have mapped the global hotspots hosting high phylogenetic diversity (PD), but not the regions where this diversity is under threat due to human land use. This is because, to date, it is not clear how much PD is lost as species of a given taxon go extinct. The aim of this study was to identify the global regions projected to suffer the highest PD loss due to human land use in the near future.Location: Global.Methods: We demonstrate a novel approach combining countryside species-area relationship, species-specific evolutionary distinctiveness (ED) scores and a newly derived strong linear relationship between the cumulative ED loss and PD loss through pruning simulations on global evolutionary trees of mammals, birds, and amphibians under random species loss, to project global land use-driven phylogenetic diversity loss in 804 terrestrial ecoregions and 175 countries. We also allocate the total projected PD loss to different land use types (agriculture, forestry, grazing or urbanization) in each region to pinpoint the major drivers.Results: For the three taxa combined, we project a total loss of 9,472 million years (MY) of evolutionary history due to all land uses in all countries: 1,541 MY of mammal PD is at stake, 3,336 MY of bird PD and 4,595 MY of amphibian PD. Agriculture is responsible for loss of 1,579 MY; pasture 1990 MY, forestry 5,381 and urbanization 522. Land use in Indonesia, Colombia, India, Papua New Guinea, Madagascar and Philippines is projected to cause the most loss of PD.Main conclusions: Through the integrated approach, we can now project PD loss associated with species extinctions under alternative land conversion scenarios in a region. Overall, the results on hotspots and land use drivers may inform individual nations in designing regional strategies to achieve the international biodiversity and sustainability targets.