How crack found a niche in the American ghetto: The historical epidemiology of drug-related harm
How crack found a niche in the American ghetto: The historical epidemiology of drug-related harm
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DOI：
10.1057/biosoc.2009.1
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Acker, Caroline Jean
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Acker, Caroline Jean
尽管神经科学已经建立了成瘾作为一种大脑过程的优雅模型，但它并没有解决成瘾等疾病在人群中的发病率和普遍性。由于发病率和流行率是衡量社会状况的指标，因此了解社会问题的发生率对于控制社会问题至关重要。然而，并非所有人口中吸毒的激增都构成真正的紧急情况。区分毒品时代是有用的，即在人口中出现的新的毒品使用模式，然后稳定或减少与毒品有关的危害的流行。与毒品有关的危害的历史流行病学从历史、科学和社会科学出发，研究产生这种流行病的条件。强迫性可卡因使用集中在20世纪80年代以贫困和文化隔离为特征的美国城市社区，是耸人听闻的媒体报道的对象，通过毒品相关危害的历史流行病学镜头可以更好地理解。该模型认为，有害药物使用的严重激增是由于向缺乏使用经验和遭受多方面结构性劣势的人群引入强效新药或药物形式造成的。生物学报（2010）5,70 -88。doi: 10.1057 / biosoc.2009.1
Although neuroscience has produced elegant models of addiction as a brain process, it does not address the incidence and prevalence of conditions like addiction in populations. As incidence and prevalence are the measures of a condition in a society, understanding rates of social problems is critical to controlling them. Nevertheless, not all upsurges in drug use in a population constitute true emergencies. It is useful to distinguish drug eras, new patterns of drug use that emerge in a population and then stabilize or decline from epidemics of drug-related harm. A historical epidemiology of drug-related harm draws from history, science and social science to examine the conditions that produce such epidemics. Compulsive crack use concentrated in American urban neighborhoods characterized by poverty and cultural isolation in the 1980s and the object of lurid media coverage, can be better understood through the lens of the historical epidemiology of drug-related harm. This model holds that serious upsurges in harmful drug use result from the introduction of powerful new drugs or drug forms to populations that lack experience with them and that suffer from multiple dimensions of structural disadvantage. BioSocieties (2010) 5, 70-88. doi:10.1057/biosoc.2009.1