Move Abroad to Move Forward? Self-Assessments of Chinese Students and Undocumented Migrants in France
Move Abroad to Move Forward? Self-Assessments of Chinese Students and Undocumented Migrants in France
复制标题
出国继续前进？
作者：
F. Lévy;Yong Li
移民的自我评估是指他们对社会流动性和地位的看法。对于观察者来说，这些评估往往是矛盾的且违反直觉的。为了克服相互矛盾的第一印象，我们提出了一种全面的移民自我评估方法，超越了客观和主观社会流动性之间的对立，并将跨国背景、不同的社会领域、行动者的移民项目及其反思性联系起来。本文的实证材料借鉴了两项关于法国中国移民的研究，并探讨了无证移民和国际学生的轨迹和观点。除了他们在法国和中国的经历以及法律、经济和社会地位之间的差异之外，我们还强调了几个共同点：首先，两个群体都认为移民是提高其社会地位的杠杆。其次，他们的评价将他们的原籍地和目的地以及各个社会领域联系起来。第三，在跨国背景下，多种不同尺度的因素影响着移民对其移民成败的主观自我评价。移民的评估可能会根据他们对职业、个人或家庭轨迹的重视程度，或者他们对参考群体的选择而有所不同。它们是由一个国家到另一个国家的身份转换的复杂性以及中国快速的社会转型所塑造的。因此，许多受访者估计他们同时处于社会进步和倒退的境地。
Migrants’ self-assessments refer to their perceptions of social mobility and positioning. These assessments are often ambivalent and counterintuitive for observers. To overcome contradictory first impressions, we propose a comprehensive approach to migrants’ self-assessments that goes beyond the opposition between objective and subjective social mobility and links the transnational context, various social spheres, actors’ migratory projects, and their reflexivity. The empirical materials in this article draw on two studies on Chinese migrants in France and confront the trajectories and viewpoints of undocumented migrants and international students. Beyond the differences between their experiences and their legal, economic, and social statuses in France and China, we highlight several common points: First, both groups considered migration a lever to improve their social status. Second, their evaluations link their regions of origin and destination as well as various social spheres. Third, in a transnational context, many factors at different scales influence migrants’ subjective self-assessments of the success or failure of their migration. The migrants’ assessments can vary according to their emphasis on professional, personal, or family trajectories, or on their choice of reference groups. They are shaped by the complexity of translations of status from one country to another and by rapid social transformation in China. Thus, many interviewees estimate that they are simultaneously in situations of social progression and regression.
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Griffiths, M
通讯作者：
Griffiths, M