Cultural identity and public policy: An economic analysis
Cultural identity and public policy: An economic analysis
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文化认同与公共政策：经济分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
1986
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通讯作者：
N. Ridler
中科院分区：
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作者：
N. Ridler
文化和语言是交织在一起的。事实上，文化认同取决于语言认同，这就是为什么受到其文化破坏威胁的少数群体努力保护他们的语言的原因。在分析身份规划时，本文着重于文化的语言层面。语言规划可以分为两个部分，一种是状态规划，它涉及一种语言与另一种语言之间的分配；另一种是语料库规划，它涉及语料库的编纂和规范选择(Cobarrubias和Fishman，1984)。本文主要研究的是前者。语言规划在很大程度上一直是语言学家和社会学家的领域，经济学家的投入很少；尽管如此，任何语言规划理论的缺失都表明，经济学可以做出贡献。本文试图提供一个分析框架，使用一个非常简单的非技术经济模型。将转变语言需求的适当政策与以供应为导向的政策进行比较；有人认为，前者更有效。本文以法语作为例证，无论是作为国际语言还是作为加拿大国内的官方语言。使用法语的理由是，历史上没有一种语言得到过如此慷慨的公共资金支持。本文的出发点是模型，并简要说明了将经济分析应用于语言学习的合理性。第二部分考察了对法国政府和加拿大政府的政策含义，而最后一部分则在该模式的背景下分析了加拿大语言地位规划。
Culture and language are intertwined. In fact, cultural identity depends on linguistic identity, which is why minority groups threatened by the destruction of their culture strive to protect their language. This paper focuses on the linguistic aspect of culture, in analyzing status planning. Language planning can be differentiated into two components, status planning which concerns the allocation of one language compared with another, and corpus planning which is concerned with codification and norm selection (Cobarrubias and Fishman, 1984). This paper concentrates on the former. Language planning has largely been the domain of linguists and sociologists with little input from economists; nonetheless, the absence of any theory of language planning suggests that economics can make a contribution. This paper is a modest attempt to provide an analytical framework, using a very simple non-technical economic model. Appropriate policies to shift the demand for languages are compared with supply oriented policies; the former it is argued are more effective. The paper uses as illustration the French language, either as an international language or an official language within Canada. The rationale for using French is that no language in history has been supported so generously from the public purse. The point of departure of the paper is the model with a brief justification for applying economic analysis to language learning. The second section examines policy implications both for the French government and for governments in Canada, while the final section analyzes Canadian language status planning in the context of the model.