Possibilities for CO2 emission reduction using biomass in European integrated steel plants
Possibilities for CO2 emission reduction using biomass in European integrated steel plants
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.04.021
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发表时间：
2018-08
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Hana Mandova;S. Leduc;Chuan Wang;Elisabeth Wetterlund;P. Patrizio;W. Gale;F. Kraxner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hana Mandova;S. Leduc;Chuan Wang;Elisabeth Wetterlund;P. Patrizio;W. Gale;F. Kraxner
通过高炉-转炉 (BF-BOF) 路线生产钢铁的钢铁厂是欧盟 (EU) 内最大的单点二氧化碳排放国之一。由于高炉铁矿石还原过程完全依赖于主要由煤炭和焦炭提供的碳，生物能源是唯一有可能部分替代它们的可再生能源。这项工作使用 BeWhere 模型，优化了欧盟境内生物质资源的调动和使用，以确定生物能源可以为 30 座运营中的 BF-BOF 工厂带来的机会。结果表明，现有行业内对可用生物质资源的竞争以及生物基燃料的经济价格不具吸引力。需要 60 € t−1 的二氧化碳价格才能替代 20% 的化石燃料使用中的二氧化碳排放，而需要 140 € t−1 的价格才能达到 42% 的最大潜力。使用有机废物生产水力炭的可能性不会提高最大减排潜力，但会在低替代水平下扩大可用原料。每个工厂的生物能源整合范围不同，因此应单独考虑其部署。因此，EU-ETS（排放交易体系）可能不是生物能源作为钢铁行业减排战略的最佳政策工具，因为它没有区分不同钢厂的机会，并为已经陷入困境的欧洲钢铁行业带来额外成本。
Iron and steel plants producing steel via the blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) route constitute among the largest single point CO2emitters within the European Union (EU). As the iron ore reduction process in the blast furnace is fully dependent on carbon mainly supplied by coal and coke, bioenergy is the only renewable that presents a possibility for their partial substitution. Using the BeWhere model, this work optimised the mobilization and use of biomass resources within the EU in order to identify the opportunities that bioenergy can bring to the 30 operating BF-BOF plants.The results demonstrate competition for the available biomass resources within existing industries and economically unappealing prices of the bio-based fuels. A carbon dioxide price of 60 € t−1is required to substitute 20% of the CO2emissions from the fossil fuels use, while a price of 140 € t−1is needed to reach the maximum potential of 42%. The possibility to use organic wastes to produce hydrochar would not enhance the maximum emission reduction potential, but it would broaden the available feedstock during the low levels of substitution.The scope for bioenergy integration is different for each plant and so consideration of its deployment should be treated individually. Therefore, the EU-ETS (Emission Trading System) may not be the best policy tool for bioenergy as an emission reduction strategy for the iron and steel industry, as it does not differentiate between the opportunities across the different steel plants and creates additional costs for the already struggling European steel industry.