Mitochondria in motor nerve terminals: function in health and in mutant superoxide dismutase 1 mouse models of familial ALS.

Mitochondria in motor nerve terminals: function in health and in mutant superoxide dismutase 1 mouse models of familial ALS.
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DOI:
10.1007/s10863-011-9392-1
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发表时间:
2011-12
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
David, Gavriel
David, Gavriel
中科院分区:
生物学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Barrett, Ellen F.;Barrett, John N.;David, Gavriel

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线粒体不仅通过其产生ATP的能力,而且通过其缓冲大的钙负荷的能力,对神经元的功能做出贡献。本文综述了线粒体钙离子隔离对于维持脊椎动物运动神经末梢在重复刺激过程中功能的重要证据。运动终末线粒体可以隔离大量的钙离子,因为它们既有机制限制线粒体的去极化,也有机制限制与钙离子内流相关的基质自由[钙]i的增加。在表达人类超氧化物歧化酶−1(SOD1)突变的小鼠中,导致一些家族性肌萎缩侧索硬化症(FALS)的病例,运动神经元终末早在运动神经元细胞体死亡之前就退化了。本综述为突变型SOD1小鼠(G93A,G85R)运动终末线粒体功能障碍的早期和进行性提供证据。这种功能障碍会损害线粒体隔离刺激相关的钙负荷的能力,从而可能导致运动终末的早期退化。
Mitochondria contribute to neuronal function not only via their ability to generate ATP, but also via their ability to buffer large Ca2+ loads. This review summarizes evidence that mitochondrial Ca2+ sequestration is especially important for sustaining the function of vertebrate motor nerve terminals during repetitive stimulation. Motor terminal mitochondria can sequester large amounts of Ca2+ because they have mechanisms for limiting both the mitochondrial depolarization and the increase in matrix free [Ca2+] associated with Ca2+ influx. In mice expressing mutations of human superoxide dismutase −1 (SOD1) that cause some cases of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS), motor terminals degenerate well before the death of motor neuron cell bodies. This review presents evidence for early and progressive mitochondrial dysfunction in motor terminals of mutant SOD1 mice (G93A, G85R). This dysfunction would impair mitochondrial ability to sequester stimulation-associated Ca2+ loads, and thus likely contributes to the early degeneration of motor terminals.
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